宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区 岩羊冬季上毛结构与功能相关关系研究  

Study on Correlation between Structure and Function of Winter Upper Hair of Rock Sheep in Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve in Ningxia

作　　者：余梦琦 李岳诚 何鑫 马瑞 马安凯 Yu Mengqi;Li Yuecheng;He Xin;Ma Rui;Ma Ankai(Ningxia Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Station,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750000)

机构地区：[1]宁夏森林病虫防治检疫总站,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2024年第9期63-66,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区林业技术推广项目“宁夏贺兰山地区野生岩羊小反刍兽疫监测技术推广”(〔2024〕NX04)。

摘　　要：采集冬季宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区岩羊雌雄个体颈部、肩部、背部、体侧、腹部、臀部、前肢、后肢、蹄部共9个部位的上毛,利用光学显微镜分别测量比较上毛的长度、细度、髓质细度、髓质指数、毛根无髓段长度。采用Pearson方法对上毛各个性状进行相关性分析,结合岩羊的行为特点和雌雄岩羊的性别分离机制对上毛各个性状的测量结果进行分析,得到结论:①贺兰山岩羊冬季上毛髓质指数较高,颈部、肩部、背部、体侧、腹部、臀部(躯干部)上毛髓质指数都在90%以上;②岩羊上毛形态结构在实施保温和保护功能时因部位的不同进行了分化,躯干部上毛在形态结构上主要倾向于加强保温性能,而四肢末端的上毛在形态结构上倾向于使毛更结实,避免四肢承受过多的磨损;③岩羊的上毛结构存在性别体二型性。Winter upper hair from the neck,shoulder,back,side,abdomen,hip,forelimb,hind limb and hoof of male and female rock sheep in Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve of Ningxia were collected,and the length,fineness,medullary fineness,medullary index and length of unmedullated hair root of the hair were measured and compared by optical microscope.The correlation analysis of each trait of upper hair was carried out by Pearson method,and the measurement results of each trait were analyzed in combination with the behavior characteristics of rock sheep and the sex separation mechanism of male and female rock sheep.The conclusion was as follows:①The medullary index of upper hair of Helan Mountain rock sheep in winter was higher,and those of the neck,shoulder,back,side,abdomen and hip(trunk)were all above 90%.②The morphological structure of the upper hair of the rock sheep is differentiated according to the different parts of the body.The upper hair on the trunk mainly tends to strengthen the thermal insulation function,while the upper hair on the extremities tends to make the hair stronger in the morphological structure,so as to avoid excessive wear on the limbs and realize the protective function;③There is sex dimorphism in the upper hair structure of rock sheep.

关 键 词：岩羊 上毛 结构与功能 性别体二型性 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]