化石修理技术综述及其在曲靖珠江源古鱼化石研究中的应用  

Review of Fossil Repairing Technology and Its Application to Research on Paleofish Yielded from the Source of the Pearl River in Qujing

作　　者：杨飞燕 李强 YANG Feiyan;LI Qiang(Research Center of Natural History and Culture,Qujing Normal University,Qujing Yunnan 655011,China)

机构地区：[1]曲靖师范学院自然历史文化研究中心,云南曲靖655011

出　　处：《曲靖师范学院学报》2024年第6期42-50,共9页Journal of Qujing Normal University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目“重庆秀山志留纪真盔甲鱼类形态学与系统学研究”(42362001);云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项项目“云南曲靖早泥盆世西屯组软骨鱼鳞片化石研究”(202101BA070001-076);云南省张弥曼院士工作站(202205AF150002)。

摘　　要：古生物化石修理是相关研究领域中最为重要的前期工作,能够大幅度降低科研工作者研究化石的难度,并且能让化石在博物馆展出时更加生动形象,甚至能够直接影响到科研工作的研究进展和质量.总结了古生物化石在修理过程中所需的各类工具、材料、方法和关键技术,并以曲靖珠江源野外工作站挖掘的中泥盆统海口组古鱼化石标本为例,详细介绍了古生物化石在野外寻找、采集运输至室内保存所需完成的工作过程.另外,准确描述了数十种修理工具的使用方法和注意事项,并针对不同岩性的地层中保存的化石分析了不同的保护和加固方法,对比了4种专业的修理方法及其应用条件,具体包括剔针、雕刻机、钢笔型气动风刻笔、喷砂机等工具的使用;机械修理和化学修理的应用和区别,并对化石修理方法开展了一些创新性的尝试、应用与拓展,以期为化石修理初学者提供一些前期基础和帮助.The repair process of biological fossils is the most important work for paleontology research,greatly reducing the difficulty in studying fossils and making fossils more vivid display in museums,as well as directly affecting the research progress and quality for researchers.This article mainly focuses on various tools,materials,methods,and key repair techniques in the process of fossil repairing.The Devonian fossil specimens from the field workstation in the Source of the Pearl River were taken as an example to make a summary.The protecting and strengthening methods for fossils were also summarized in different lithology strata collected from the field to the lab.The usage methods and precautions of dozens of repair tools were introduced,including analysis of different fossil protection and reinforcement methods preserved in different lithological formations.Four professional repair methods and their application conditions were reviewed,including the needle picking,engraving machine,pneumatic carving pen,and sandblasting machine.The application and differences of mechanical repair,chemical repair and some innovative attempts have been compared to provide some preliminary foundation and assistance for beginners in fossil repair.

关 键 词：古鱼化石 珠江源 机械修理 化学修理 三维重建 

分 类 号：Q915.23[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]