用于处理养殖尾水微生物菌剂的构建及固定化条件优化  

Construction of Microbial Agent for Treating Aquaculture Wastewater and Optimization in Immobilization Conditions

作　　者：张晓青 司晓光 张爱君 杜瑾 曹军瑞 ZHANG Xiaoqing;SI Xiaoguang;ZHANG Aijun;DU Jin;CAO Junrui(The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,MNR(Tianjin),Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《化学与生物工程》2024年第12期49-54,共6页Chemistry & Bioengineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(K-JBYWF-2022-QR06,K-JBYWF-2021-QR09)。

摘　　要：选取5株具有不同活性功能的菌株,构建了对养殖尾水污染物具有高效降解作用的复合微生物菌剂,通过正交实验对配比进行了优化;并以海藻酸钠为固定化基质,对菌剂进行固定化,通过Plackett-Burman实验、最陡爬坡实验、响应面实验对固定化条件进行了优化。结果表明,菌株MWC154、NY-1、DHS-40、NY-3、G-1的最佳配比为4∶3∶2∶4∶1;影响固定化菌剂去除养殖尾水中无机氮的关键因素为海藻酸钠质量分数、菌剂包埋量和固定化菌剂加量;固定化菌剂去除养殖尾水中无机氮的最优条件为:海藻酸钠质量分数2.675%、氯化钙溶液质量分数4%、菌剂包埋量12.65%、硅藻土加量2%、固定化时间12 h、摇床转速180 r·min^(-)1、初始pH值7.5、固定化菌剂加量17.25%,在此条件下,无机氮去除率达76.4%。We selected five strains with different activity functions to construct a composite microbial agent with high-efficient degradation of pollutants in aquaculture wastewater,and optimized the proportion by orthogonal experiments.Moreover,using sodium alginate as an immobilization matrix to immobilize the microbial agent,we optimized the immobilization conditions through Plackett-Burman experiments,the steepest ascent experiments,and response surface methodologies.The results show that the optimal proportion of strains MWC154,NY-1,DHS-40,NY-3,and G-1 is 4∶3∶2∶4∶1.The key factors affecting the removal of inorganic nitrogen from aquaculture wastewater by immobilized microbial agents are as follows:the mass fraction of sodium alginate,the embedded amount of microbial agent,and the amount of immobilized microbial agent.The optimal conditions for removing inorganic nitrogen from aquaculture wastewater by the immobilized microbial agent are as follows:the mass fraction of sodium alginate of 2.675%,the mass fraction of calcium chloride solution of 4%,the embedded amount of microbial agent of 12.65%,the diatomaceous earth amount of 2%,the immobilization time of 12 h,the shaker′s rotating speed of 180 r·min^(-1),the initial pH value of 7.5,and the amount of immobilized microbial agent of 17.25%.Under above conditions,the removal rate of inorganic nitrogen reaches 76.4%.

关 键 词：固定化 养殖尾水 微生物菌剂 响应面分析 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]