全同态加密研究进展  

Research Progress of Fully Homomorphic Encryption

作　　者：白利芳[1,2,3] 祝跃飞 李勇军[1,4] 王帅 杨晓琪[2] Bai Lifang;Zhu Yuefei;Li Yongjun;Wang Shuai;Yang Xiaoqi(School of Cyberspace Security,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001;Cybersecurity Testing Engineering Technology Center,China Software Testing Center,Beijing 100048;Key Laboratory of Data Security Technology and Industrial Application Evaluation of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(China Center for Information Industry Development),Beijing 100048;Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450007)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学网络空间安全学院,郑州450001 [2]中国软件评测中心网络空间安全测评工程技术中心,北京100048 [3]数据安全关键技术与产业应用评价工业和信息化部重点实验室(中国电子信息产业发展研究院),北京100048 [4]中原工学院,郑州450007

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2024年第12期3069-3087,共19页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019QY1300);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(62102447)。

摘　　要：随着数字化进程的加速推进,数据安全和隐私保护问题备受关注.数据加密一直是解决该问题的重要手段,但加密存储和传输较为常见,一旦涉及计算往往需要先解密,以明文形式计算后再加密.全同态加密(fully homomorphic encryption,FHE)将加密延展到计算层面,无需解密即可以完成密文的处理任务,有保护数据安全和用户隐私的天然特性.首个FHE方案于2009年由Gentry提出,自此FHE方案一直备受业界和学界的关注.从FHE方案的构造思想、不同研究阶段及面临的问题等方面梳理分析了FHE 10余年的研究进展,从算法库实践、标准化进展以及典型应用场景等方面介绍了FHE的应用进展,并提出未来研究的方向建议.With the acceleration of the digitization process,the problem of data security and privacy protection has attracted much attention.Data encryption has always been an important means to solve this problem.However,it is common to store and transfer data in encrypted form.Once calculation is involved,it is often necessary to decrypt the ciphertext,perform the calculation in plaintext,and then encrypt the calculation result.Full homomorphic encryption(FHE)extends encryption to the computing,which can perform meaningful calculations in ciphertext without decryption,and the calculation process and result are encrypted,so it has the natural characteristics of protecting data security and user privacy.The first FHE scheme was proposed by Gentry in 2009,and then FHE has always attracted the attention of the industry and academia.After more than ten years of research,FHE has developed to the fourth stage,and substantial progress has been made.We review and analyze the research progress of FHE from the aspects of the construction idea,different research stages and problems faced,introduce the application progress of FHE from the aspects of algorithm library,standardization progress and typical application scenarios,and put forward suggestions for future research direction.

关 键 词：全同态加密 格 LWE问题 自举 同态解密 算法库 

分 类 号：TP309.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]