公共服务供给与劳动力不充分就业:加剧或抑制——对地方财政治理能力异质性的再检验  

Public Service Supply and Underemployment:Exacerbating or Inhibiting--Re-examination of Heterogeneity in Local Fiscal Governance Capability

作　　者：王红梅[1,2] 刘子硕 付正淦 WANG Hongmei;LIU Zishuo;FU Zhenggan

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学政府管理学院,北京100081 [2]中央财经大学中国财政发展协同创新中心,北京102206 [3]天津社会科学院区域经济与城市发展研究所,天津300191

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2024年第12期84-102,共19页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“基本公共服务均等化进程中地方税与转移支付的协同效应研究”(20BJY229),项目负责人:李俊英;国家社会科学基金一般项目“我国政府部门预算参与和管理绩效作用机理的模型构建与实证检验研究”(20BZZ060),项目负责人:曹堂哲。

摘　　要：高质量、充分就业是中国式现代化的重要内容,而财政政策取向则直接影响劳动力充分就业程度。基于城市财政治理能力视角,利用2014—2020年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)微观数据和城市宏观数据,关注政府公共服务供给如何影响劳动力不充分就业。研究发现:(1)公共服务供给对劳动者工作时间具有“挤出”作用,综合考虑其工作时间、收入、稳定性及社会保障后,则能够凸显公共服务供给对充分就业的“收入效应”;(2)通过熵权法评估不充分就业程度,发现公共服务供给能够显著改善劳动者的就业不足状况;(3)公共服务供给通过促进人力资本积累和激发私人消费两条路径降低劳动力就业不足概率,并且地方财政治理能力在其中发挥正向调节作用;(4)两者间存在个体层面的性别、居住地,城市层面的位置、信息化异质性特征。据此,提出优化政府公共服务资源的配置效率等建议,以期缓解劳动力不充分就业,促进中国式现代化目标实现。High quality and full employment are an important part of the Chinese path to modernization,and the orientation of fiscal policy directly affects the degree of full employment.Based on the perspective of urban fiscal governance capacity,using microdata from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)and macro data of cities from 2014 to 2020,this study focuses on how government public service supply affects underemployment.Research has found that,first,public service supply has a crowding-out effect on workers'working hours.After considering their working hours,income,stability,and social security,the income effect of public service supply on full employment can be highlighted.Second,by using the entropy weight method to evaluate the degree of underemployment,it was found that the supply of public services can significantly improve the underemployment situation of workers.Third,the supply of public services reduces the probability of underemployment by promoting the accumulation of human capital and stimulating private consumption,and the local fiscal governance capacity plays a positive regulatory role in this process.Fourth,there are individual-level characteristics of gender and residence heterogeneity and city-level characteristics of location and informatization heterogeneity between the public service supply and underemployment.On this basis,the paper puts forward suggestions for optimizing the allocation efficiency of government public service resources,to alleviate the underemployment and promote the realization of the goal of the Chinese path to modernization.

关 键 词：公共服务供给 劳动力不充分就业 财政治理能力 共同富裕 中国式现代化 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学]