快递从业人员蓄积性疲劳在职业紧张与抑郁症状关系中的中介效应  

The mediating effect of cumulative fatigue in the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms in courier workers

作　　者：亢润润 程强 桂方中 方家阳 栾俞清[2] KANG Runrun;CHENG Qiang;GUI Fangzhong;FANG Jiayang;LUAN Yuqing(Enviromental and Occupational Health Institute,Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Taizhou Health Supervision Institute),Zhejiang 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市疾病预防控制中心/台州市卫生监督所/环境与职业健康所,浙江318000 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心职业健康与辐射防护所,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2024年第6期488-492,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生所重点人群职业病危害专项调查项目(131031109000190002);中国疾控中心职业卫生所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定(131031109000160004)。

摘　　要：目的了解台州市快递从业人员抑郁症状水平,并探讨蓄积性疲劳在职业紧张影响抑郁症状中的中介效应。方法随机抽取台州市8家主流快递公司从业人员展开调查。问卷中主要使用了《职业紧张测量核心量表》、《患者健康问卷》、《劳动者的蓄积性疲劳度自己诊断调查表》分别对调查对象进行职业紧张、抑郁症状和蓄积性疲劳评估。构建多重线性模型评估蓄积性疲劳在职业紧张影响抑郁症状中的中介效应,并运用Bootstrap法检验其显著性。结果本次共收集电子问卷477份,有效问卷430份,有效率为90.15%。其中男性309人,占比71.86%,女性121人,占比28.14%。职业紧张、蓄积性疲劳、抑郁症状得分分别为45(38,50)、1(0,4)、7(3,9);检出率分别为38.14%、41.86%、22.09%。职业紧张与蓄积性疲劳、抑郁症状均呈正相关(r=0.358、0.374,P<0.01)。蓄积性疲劳在职业紧张影响抑郁症状的过程中具有中介效应,效应值为0.114(95%CI:0.073~0.157),效应占比30.3%。结论蓄积性疲劳在职业紧张影响抑郁症状中起部分中介效应。建议快递行业营造健康的工作环境和合理的工作制度,缓解职业紧张和蓄积性疲劳水平,从而促进快递从业人员身心健康。Objective To understand the level of depressive symptoms among courier workers in Taizhou City and to explore the mediating effect of cumulative fatigue in the effect of occupational stress on depressive symptoms.Methods Employees of 8 mainstream courier companies in Taizhou were randomly selected in the survey.The questionnaire mainly used the Core Occupational Stress Scale(COSS),Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9),and the Worker′s Cumulative Fatigue Self-Diagnostic Questionnaire to assess occupational tension,depressive symptoms,and cumulative fatigue,respectively.Multiple linear models were constructed to assess the mediating effect of fatigue accumulation in the effect of occupational stress on depressive symptoms and tested for significance using the Bootstrap method.Results A total of 477 electronic questionnaires were collected,with 430 valid questionnaires and a validity rate of 90.15%.Among them,309 were male,accounting for 71.86%,and 121 were female,accounting for 28.14%.Occupational stress,cumulative fatigue,and depressive symptoms scores were 45(38,50),1(0,4),and 7(3,9),respectively;the detection rates were 38.14%,41.86%,and 22.09%,respectively.Occupational stress was positively associated with cumulative fatigue and depressive symptoms(r=0.358,0.374,P<0.01).Cumulative fatigue mediated the influence of occupational stress on depressive symptoms,with an effect value of 0.114(95%CI:0.073~0.157)and an effect share of 30.3%.Conclusion Cumulative fatigue partially mediates the effect of occupational stress on depressive symptoms.It is recommended that the courier industry create a healthy working environment and a reasonable working system to alleviate the level of occupational stress and cumulative fatigue,thereby promoting courier workers′physical and mental health.

关 键 词：快递从业人员 职业紧张 抑郁症状 蓄积性疲劳 中介效应 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]