黑水虻处理餐厨垃圾工艺及养分转化研究  

Study on the Treatment Technology and Nutrient Transformation of Kitchen Garbage by Hermetia illucens

作　　者：陈吉红 胡清泉 杨仁灿 张斌 沙茜 李新荣 鲍晓伟 赵智勇 CHEN Ji-hong;HU Qing-quan;YANG Ren-can(Yunnan Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650224)

机构地区：[1]云南省畜牧兽医科学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第23期59-61,179,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技厅重大科技专项计划项目(202302AE090009)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究黑水虻转化处理餐厨垃圾养分规律。[方法]采用黑水虻、餐厨垃圾作为研究对象,通过黑水虻在常温(C_(1)、C_(2)、C_(3))、高温恒温(S_(1)、S_(2)、S_(3))下对餐厨垃圾进行转化,并测定餐厨垃圾减量率、转化率、虫体蛋白质、脂肪等参数。[结果]黑水虻在30~33℃高温恒温比常温下显著提高了餐厨垃圾的转化率,S_(1)、S_(2)、S_(3)分别比C_(1)、C_(2)、C_(3)提高了9.26%、10.73%、19.63%,以S_(3)组(添加7.2 kg餐厨垃圾)转化率最高,且2.68~3.20∶1的料虫比显示了其可观的经济效益。黑水虻在21 d内能将24.46%的低蛋白质、21.24%的低脂肪餐厨垃圾转化成高达43.12%、28.58%高蛋白质、高脂肪的优质饲料、生物柴油原料;其次,餐厨垃圾中58.32%~62.74%的蛋白质、60.14%~63.47%的脂肪最终转化为虫体自身的蛋白质和脂肪。[结论]这种通过黑水虻转化餐厨垃圾的利用方式未来会有极大的潜力。[Objective]To study the nutrient laws of Hermetia illucens transformation treatment of kitchen waste.[Method]Using Hermetia illucens and kitchen waste as research objects,Hermetia illucens were used to convert kitchen waste at normal temperature(C_(1),C_(2),C_(3))and high temperature constant temperature(S_(1),S_(2),S_(3)),and the reduction rate,conversion rate,insect protein,fat and other parameters of kitchen waste were measured.[Result]Hermetia illucens significantly increases the conversion rate of kitchen waste at temperatures ranging from 30 to 33℃compared to normal temperature.S_(1),S_(2) and S_(3) increased the conversion rate by 9.26%,10.73%and 19.63%compared to C_(1),C_(2) and C_(3),respectively.The S_(3) group with 7.2 kg added had the highest conversion rate,and a feed to insect ratio of 2.68 to 3.20∶1 showed its observable economic benefits.Hermetia illucens could convert 24.46%of low protein and 21.24%of low fat kitchen waste into high-quality feed and biodiesel raw materials with high protein and fat content of up to 43.12%and 28.58%in 21 days.58.32%-62.74%of protein and 60.14%-63.47%of fat in kitchen waste were ultimately converted into the protein and fat of the insect itself.[Conclusion]This utilization method of converting kitchen waste through Hermetia illucens will have great potential in the future.

关 键 词：黑水虻 餐厨垃圾 养分转化 蛋白质 脂肪 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]