基于不同基因的苍术属遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Atractylodes Based on Different Genes

作　　者：王相瑾 孙嘉泽 柴军红[1] 何婷婷[1] WANG Xiang-jin;SUN Jia-ze;CHAI Jun-hong(College of Life Science and Technology,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang 157011)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第23期167-171,242,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：牡丹江师范学院研究生科技创新项目(kjcx2022-058mdjnu);黑龙江省教育厅科研业务项目(1452MSYYB006)。

摘　　要：为了探究苍术属植物的遗传多样性及亲缘关系,对5种苍术属植物的psbA_trnH、matK、ITS基因进行分析。结果表明:基于psbA-trnH基因的转换位点共有4个,颠换位点共有5个;基于matK基因的转换位点只有鄂西苍术的1个,颠换位点有4个;基于ITS基因的转换位点共有82个,颠换位点有15个。psbA-trnH基因的GC含量为23.6%~24.0%,matK基因的GC含量为32.1%~32.5%,ITS基因的GC含量为59.7%~63.8%。遗传距离分析显示,基于psbA-trnH基因的变幅为0~0.058,基于matK基因的变幅为0~3.718,基于ITS基因的变幅为0.018~0.172。系统发育树分析显示,基于psbA-trnH基因下关苍术和朝鲜苍术亲缘关系近,鄂西苍术和飞廉亲缘关系近;基于matK基因下鄂西苍术和飞廉亲缘关系近,朝鲜苍术、关苍术、苍术、白术亲缘关系近;基于ITS基因下鄂西苍术和飞廉亲缘关系最近,朝鲜苍术、关苍术、苍术、白术亲缘关系近,其中朝鲜苍术与关苍术亲缘关系更近。综上所述,ITS是3种基因中序列的识别能力最强且对苍术属物种分离度最高的。其中朝鲜白术和关苍术从各个角度都说明亲缘关系更近,推测它们可能由同一祖先进化而来。该研究填补了我国苍术属分子现状研究的空白,也为药用植物市场上苍术品种的鉴定提供了依据。In order to explore the genetic diversity and relatedness of Atractylodes,the psbA-trnH,matK and ITS genes of five species of Atractylodes were analyzed.The results showed that there were four psbA-trnH gene-based conversion sites and five inversion sites;there was only one conversion site based on the matK gene in Atractylodes carlinoides,and there were four inversion sites;there were 82 ITS gene-based conversion sites and 15 inversion sites.The GC content of the psbA-trnH gene was 23.6%-24.0%,that of the matK gene was 32.1%-32.5%,and that of the ITS gene was 59.7%-63.8%.Genetic distance analysis showed that the variability ranged from 0 to 0.058 based on the psbA-trnH gene,from 0 to 3.718 based on the matK gene,and from 0.018 to 0.172 based on the ITS gene.The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that based on the psbA-trnH gene Atractylodes japonica and Atractylodes coreana were close relatives,and Atractylodes carlinoides and Carduus nutans were close relatives.Based on the matK gene,Atractylodes carlinoides and Carduus nutans were close relatives,and Atractylodes coreana,Atractylodes japonica,Atractylodes lancea,Atractylodes macrocephala were close relatives.Based on the ITS gene Atractylodes carlinoides and Carduus nutans were the closest relatives,and Atractylodes coreana,Atractylodes japonica,Atractylodes lancea,Atractylodes macrocephala were close relatives,among which Atractylodes coreana and Atractylodes japonica were closer.In summary,ITS was the strongest recognition ability of sequences among the three genes and the highest segregation for species of Atractylodes spp.Among them,Atractylodes coreana and Atractylodes japonica indicated closer affinity from all angles,and it was hypothesized that they might have evolved from the same ancestor.It can fill the gap of the molecular status study of Atractylodes spp.in China,and also provide the basis for the identification of Atractylodes spp.in the medicinal plant market.

关 键 词：psbA-trnH基因 MATK基因 ITS基因 遗传多样性 苍术属 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]