民国初期中医理论哲学化表达的自觉——从恽铁樵“形能”思想切入  

Self-conscious Philosophical Expression of Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory in the Early Republic of China:Insights from Yun Tiejiao's"Form-Energy"Thought

作　　者：张爱林[1,2] 张宗明[1] ZHANG Ailin;ZHANG Zongming(Institute of Literature in Chinese Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Province Healthy Research Institute,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学中医药文献研究院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京医科大学江苏省健康研究院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第23期72-76,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA322);2021年国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CZS084)。

摘　　要：以西医为主导的现代医疗卫生体系在民国初期已完成构建并不断完善,现代解剖学、细菌学等对中医理论造成了严重冲击。以恽铁樵为代表的中医人士借鉴西方新知,主张在了解人体解剖基础上洞察生命运行和疾病变化规律,创造性提出了“形能”思想。原本注重由“形”入“能”,但在实践中却常常脱“形”重“能”,中医脏腑、寒热等概念都成为哲学“话题”而不是医学“课题”,推动了中医理论哲学化表达的自觉。这固然让中医界摆脱了以西医理论来论证自身理论之是非的可能,却也造成了理解上的混乱以及空疏的学风。By the early Republic of China,a modern healthcare system dominated by Western medicine had been established and was continually improving,with modern anatomy and bacteriology posing a serious challenge to Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)theories.Taking inspiration from Western knowledge,TCM practitioners,represented by Yun Tieqiao,advocated for understanding the principles of life and disease dynamics based on anatomical insights.They creatively put forward the concept of"Form-Energy".Originally,this concept proposed understanding"Energy"through"Form",but in practice,it often neglected"Form"and overemphasized"Energy",transforming notions such as internal organs(zangfu),cold and heat into philosophical"discourses"rather than medical"research topics",which promoted the conscious philosophical expression of TCM theory.While this philosophical approach allowed TCM to avoid the need to validate its theories through Western medical standards,it also led to interpretive confusion and an overly abstract academic style.

关 键 词：恽铁樵 中医理论 哲学表达 形能 

分 类 号：R2-03[医药卫生—中医学]