基于模糊综合优化模型的地下水质量评价——以某石化场地为例  

Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Based on a Fuzzy Comprehensive Optimization Model-With a Petrochemical Site for Example

作　　者：窦小涵 王昕喆 姚猛 谢谚 Dou Xiaohan;Wang Xinzhe;Yao Meng;Xie Yan(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety,Shandong,Qingdao,266104;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Qingdao,266104)

机构地区：[1]化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266104 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266104

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2024年第11期54-63,共10页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：中国石化科技部项目(324006),基于生物反应芯的在产企业地下水有机污染扩散安全阻控技术研发。

摘　　要：为减少低效风险评价,完善场地地下水管控措施,以某石化场地为例,提出一种便于对点位和地块进行分级分类管控的地下水水质评价方法。选取地下水中石油烃、氨氮、苯、挥发性酚类、氯化物、铁、锰、硝酸盐、铜、耗氧量、砷和硫酸盐共12项指标的监测浓度,通过优化的模糊评价方法进行模糊评价。优化的模糊评价方法完善了模糊评价的不足,采用组合权确定指标权重,引入区间形式的相对隶属度,建立了水质与评价指标间的模糊关系,通过级别特征值的大小确定水质等级,不仅使评价结果更加精确、有效,而且兼容了模糊评价方法中的指标数据和对应的国家标准。结果表明,基于组合权和改进模糊综合评价模型的水质评价结果较单一权重的常规模型有更高的可行性和准确度,对样本指标权重的依赖性更低,符合实际情况。研究结果可实现对监测点位精准分级分类,为企业的场地污染风险管理提供便利。In order to reduce the risk assessment of low efficiency and improve the groundwater management and control measures,a groundwater quality evaluation method was proposed to facilitate the classification and control of points and blocks in a petrochemical site.The monitoring concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon,ammonia nitrogen,benzene,volatile phenols,chloride,iron,manganese,nitrate,copper,oxygen consumption,arsenic and sulfate in groundwater were selected and fuzzy evaluation was carried out through an optimized fuzzy evaluation method.The optimized fuzzy evaluation method improved the shortcomings of fuzzy evaluation.The combination weight was used to determine the index weight,the relative membership degree in the form of interval was introduced,the fuzzy relationship between water quality and evaluation index was established,and the water quality grade was determined by the size of the grade characteristic value.The evaluation results were not only more accurate and effective,but also compatible with the index data in the fuzzy evaluation method and the corresponding national standards.The results showed that the water quality evaluation results based on the combined weights and the improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model had higher feasibility and accuracy than the conventional model with a single weight,and the dependence on the sample index weight was lower,which was consistent with the actual situation.The research results can realize the accurate classification of monitoring points,and provide convenience for the site pollution risk management of enterprises.

关 键 词：模糊综合评价 组合权重法 石化场地 重金属 地下水 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4