超低温冷疗对高温高湿环境下运动后人体体温调节及心血管系统机能恢复的影响  

Effects of Cryotherapy on Thermoregulation and Recovery of Cardiovascular System Function in Humans after Exercise in Hot and Humid Environment

作　　者：胡晓越 Takashi Kawabata HU Xiaoyue;Takashi Kawabata(Kansai University,Suita 5648680,Japan.)

机构地区：[1]关西大学,大阪吹田5648680

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2024年第11期72-80,共9页China Sport Science and Technology

摘　　要：目的:探讨超低温冷疗对高温高湿环境下运动后人体体温调节及心血管系统机能恢复的影响。方法:采取随机交叉自身对照设计,对13名受试者分别进行3次实验;为确定本次实验中的运动强度,事先进行最大摄氧量测试(VO_(2max) test),后分别在高温高湿环境室(温度35℃,相对湿度60%)中以70%VO_(2max)强度进行30 min恒定负荷功率自行车运动;运动结束后,受试者分别在被动休息(CON)、局部超低温冷疗(PBC,-120℃)和全身性超低温冷疗(WBC,-120℃)3种条件下进行超低温冷疗实验(2 min);实验过程中,对不同条件及时间点的食管温度(Tes)、皮肤温度(Tsk)、大腿肌肉深部温度(TMT)、前臂血流量(FBF)、心率(HR)、每搏输出量(SV)和心输出量(CO)进行监测,并采用双因素(条件×时间)重复测量方差分析进行统计学分析,使用Bonferroni法进行事后检验。结果:实验期间,超低温冷疗和时间的交互作用对Tes(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.68)、Tsk(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.47)、TMT(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.79)、HR(P=0.03,η_(p)^(2)=0.19)、SV(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.12)和FBF(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.59)具有显著性差异,对CO无显著性差异(P=0.96,η_(p)^(2)=0.01);与CON条件相比,经过超低温冷疗的PBC条件与WBC条件在运动后静息期间,Tes、Tsk、TMT和FBF均显著降低(P<0.05),PBC条件和WBC条件下SV显著增加(P<0.05),HR显著降低(P<0.05);CO在各条件之间并未出现显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:高温高湿环境下运动后实施全身或半身局部超低温冷疗,能够有效降低核心温度(Tes),减轻心血管系统的负担,有望对运动后的初期生理机能恢复产生积极影响。Objective:It is to evaluate the effects of post-exercise cryotherapy in a hot and humid environment on thermoregulation and the cardiovascular system and to assess its effectiveness.Methods:A randomized crossover own-control design was adopted for each of the 13 subjects in three separate experiments.To determine exercise intensity in this experimental,a maximal oxygen uptake test(VO_(2max) test)was conducted as a preliminary step.Subsequently,they engaged in 30 min of constant-load power cycling exercise at an intensity of 70%VO_(2max) within a hot and humidity environmental chamber(temperature:35℃,relative humidity:60%).Following the exercise,the subjects underwent short-duration cryotherapy experiments(2 min)under three different conditions:control(CON),partial-body cryotherapy(PBC,-120℃),and whole-body cryotherapy(WBC,-120℃).Esophageal temperature(Tes),skin temperature(Tsk),thigh muscle temperature(TMT),forearm blood flow(FBF),heart rate(HR),stroke volume(SV),and cardiac output(CO)were continuously monitored under various conditions and time points.The data was subsequently subjected to statistical analysis using a two-factor(condition×time)repeated measures analysis of variance(Two-way ANOVA),followed by the Bonferroni method for post hoc tests.A significance level of P<0.05 was defined for statistical significance.Results:During the experimental period,the interaction of ultra-low temperature cold therapy and time was significantly different for Tes(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.68),Tsk(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.47),TMT(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.79),HR(P=0.03,η_(p)^(2)=0.19),SV(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.12),and FBF(P<0.01,η_(p)^(2)=0.59),and no significant difference was observed for CO(P=0.96,η_(p)^(2)=0.01).Compared to the CON condition,the PBC condition,which received cryotherapy,and the WBC condition,showed a trend toward significantly lower Tes,Tsk,TMT,and FBF during the resting period after exercise(P<0.05).Moreover,SV showed a significant increase(P<0.05)in both the PBC and WBC conditions as opposed to the CON conditi

关 键 词：超低温冷疗 高温高湿环境 体温调节 心血管 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]