滇池补水工程入湖盘龙江河道水质演变特征及其驱动因素分析  

Analysis of water quality characteristics and driving factors of Panlong River into Dianchi Lake for Niulan Jiang-Dianchi water replenishment project

作　　者：王军亮 马巍[1] 淦家伟 崔松云[3] 杨凡 孙秋戎 WANG Junliang;MA Wei;GAN Jiawei;CUI Songyun;YANG Fan;SUN Qiurong(Institute of Water Ecological Environment,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;KunmingDianchi River System Joint Operation Center,Kunming 650228,China;Yunnan Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau Kunming Branch,Kunming 650106,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038 [2]昆明市滇池流域水系联排联调中心,云南昆明650228 [3]云南省水文水资源局昆明分局,云南昆明650106

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报（中英文）》2024年第5期508-519,共12页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金NSFC-云南联合基金项目(U2202207)。

摘　　要：盘龙江作为牛栏江-滇池补水工程的入湖清水通道,其水质状况对牛栏江来水改善滇池的水生态环境成效具有重要作用。针对近年来盘龙江城区段雨季污染物浓度超标、沿程污染物浓度不断升高、年际间水质波动较大等问题,利用单因子评价法、改进后的加拿大水质指数法(CCME-WQI)、Mann-Kendall检验和主成份分析等方法,较为系统地分析了盘龙江城区段水质年内变化过程及其年际演变特征,初步揭示了近年来盘龙江水质变化成因及其驱动因素。研究结果发现,牛栏江补水量是维持盘龙江良好的流水景观和水环境质量的关键因素,降雨量是影响盘龙江水质年内波动的重要因素,城市面源及合流制污水溢流是造成盘龙江雨季水质快速变差的主要原因,大量污染物入河主要分布在调水末端至敷润桥段。为充分发挥牛栏江补水的生态效益,强化昆明市城市面源污染治理、加快推进昆明老旧城区雨污分流改造等,将成为近期滇池保护治理工作中不可缺少的组成部分。The water quality of the Panlong River,as a clear water channel into the Dianchi Lake of Niulan River-Dianchi water replenishment project,plays an important role in improving the water ecological environment of the Dianchi Lake.In view of the problems such as excessive pollutant concentration in rainy season,increasing pollutant concentration along the river,and large inter-annual water quality fluctuation in the Panlong River urban area in recent years,single-factor evaluation method,improved Canadian Water Quality Index method(CCME-WQI),Mann-Kendall test and principal component analysis were used in this paper to systematically analyze the annual variation of water quality in urban areas of the Panlong River and its inter-annual evolution characteristics,and to initially reveal the causes and driving factors of water quality change in recent years.The results show that the replenishment of the Niulan River is the key factor to maintain the good flow landscape and water environment quality of the Panlong River,rainfall is an important factor affecting the annual fluctuation of water quality of the Panlong River,urban non-point source and combined sewage overflow are the main reason for the rapid deterioration of water quality of the Panlong River in rainy season,and a large number of pollutants into the river are mainly distributed from the end of the water transfer project to the Furen bridge.In order to give full play to the ecological benefits of water replenishment of the Niulan River,strengthening the control of non-point source pollution in Kunming city and accelerating the transformation of rain and pollution diversion in the old urban areas of Kunming will become an indispensable part of the protection and management of the Dianchi Lake in the near future.

关 键 词：水质演变特征 驱动力因素 入湖清水通道 牛栏江—滇池补水工程 盘龙江 滇池 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]