基于循环流化床燃烧的多元废弃物处理技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Multi-Waste Treatment Technology Based on Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion

作　　者：肖红亮 吕俊复 张扬[1,2,3] 朱俊平 王志宁[1,2] 柯希玮[1,2] XIAO Hongliang;LYU Junfu;ZHANG Yang;ZHU Junping;WANG Zhining;KE Xiwei(Beijing Huairou Laboratory,Beijing 101499,China;Shanxi Research Institute of Huairou Laboratory,Taiyuan 030032,China;Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Taiyuan Boiler Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京怀柔实验室,北京101499 [2]怀柔实验室山西研究院,山西太原030032 [3]清华大学能源与动力工程系,北京100084 [4]太原锅炉集团有限公司,山西太原030000

出　　处：《锅炉技术》2024年第6期1-11,共11页Boiler Technology

基　　金：怀柔实验室项目(ZD2023008A)。

摘　　要：随着我国经济的持续增长与居民生活品质的提升,工业生产过程中不可避免地产生了大量的固体废弃物、废气、废水,其有效管理与资源化利用成为亟待解决的问题.循环流化床(CFB)燃烧技术,凭借其高效能与环境友好的优势,在废弃物处理领域获得了广泛应用.作为一种先进的清洁燃烧技术,CFB技术展现了较好的燃料适应性、较低的污染物控制成本以及灵活的负荷调节能力,可显著促进废弃物的综合利用.介绍了CFB燃烧技术在固体废弃物、废气及废液处理中的多元化应用,涉及的关键点涵盖以下几方面:(1)固体废弃物处理.在垃圾焚烧方面,需重点关注空气平衡、燃烧温度及二次风等参数;煤炭加工副产物的处理,需重点关注床温控制、脱硫脱硝等过程;污泥处理方面需优化燃烧温度、控制飞灰碳含量及NOx排放;农林废弃物的燃烧需注重灰分含量、碱金属含量、燃料形态及含水率等因素可能造成的沾污、积灰、腐蚀或炉内结渣等问题.(2)废气处理.针对烧结烟气与化工尾气需注重燃烧温度、脱硫脱硝的优化策略,并针对化工尾气进行燃烧条件与尾气成分的分析与调控.(3)废液处理.对于有机废液与含盐污水,CFB燃烧技术提供了可行的处理路径,但需特别注意燃烧温度、添加剂种类与用量以及尾气净化措施的选择.CFB燃烧技术在废弃物处理领域展现出广阔的应用潜力,不仅有效减轻了环境污染,还促进了资源的循环利用.With the continuous growth of China’s economy and the improvement of residents’quality of life,the industrial production process inevitably generates a large amount of solid waste,waste gas,and wastewater.Effective management and resource utilization of these wastes have become urgent issues to address.Circulating fluidized bed(CFB)combustion technology,with its high efficiency and environmentally friendly advantages,has wide application in the field of waste treatment.As an advanced clean combustion technology,CFB demonstrates excellent fuel adaptability,low pollutant control costs,and flexible load adjustment capabilities,significantly promoting the comprehensive utilization of wastes.This paper introduces the diversified applications of CFB combustion technology in the treatment of solid waste,waste gas,and waste liquid,covering key points in the following areas:(1)Solid waste treatment.In waste incineration,key parameters such as air balance,combustion temperature,and secondary air need to be closely monitored.For the treatment of coal processing by-products,focus should be on bed temperature control,desulfurization,and denitrification processes.In sludge treatment,optimizing combustion temperature,controlling fly ash carbon content,and reducing NO_(x) emissions are essential.The combustion of agricultural and forestry waste requires attention to ash content,alkali metal content,fuel form,and moisture content to address potential issues such as fouling,ash deposit,corrosion,or in-furnace slagging.(2)Waste gas.For sintering flue gas and chemical tail gas,it is important to optimize combustion temperature and desulfurization and denitrification strategies.Additionally,analyzing and regulating the combustion conditions and components of chemical tail gas are crucial.(3)Waste liquid.CFB combustion technology offers viable treatment paths for organic waste liquid and saline wastewater.Special attention must be paid to combustion temperature,the type and amount of additives,and flue gas purification measures.In

关 键 词：循环流化床 锅炉 污染物 三废 掺烧 

分 类 号：TK09[动力工程及工程热物理]