中国近海典型含油气盆地中生代岩浆活动与岩浆岩潜山油气藏  

Mesozoic Magmatic Activities and Hydrocarbon Accumulations in Magmatic Buried Hills in Typical Offshore Oil and Gas Basins of China

作　　者：单玄龙[1,2] 徐长贵 衣健[1,2] 牛成民 郝国丽[1,2] 郭剑南 闫博[2] Shan Xuanlong;Xu Changgui;Yi Jian;Niu Chengmin;Hao Guoli;Guo Jiannan;Yan Bo(College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,China;State Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation(Jilin University),Ministry of Natural Resources,Changchun 130061,China;China National Offshore Oil Corporation,Beijing 100010,China;CNOOC China Limited,Tianjin Branch,Tianjin 300459,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061 [2]自然资源部矿产资源评价重点实验室(吉林大学),长春130061 [3]中国海洋石油集团有限公司,北京100010 [4]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300459

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2024年第6期1773-1787,共15页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41972313);中国海洋石油有限公司“十四五”重大科技项目(KJGG2022-0302)。

摘　　要：近几年中国近海诸多含油气盆地(如渤海湾、东海、珠江口、琼东南等盆地)钻遇中生代岩浆岩,并且分布广泛。这些盆地中生代岩浆岩的岩石学、地球化学和油气藏特征研究不仅对盆地基底的形成演化具有理论意义,也对岩浆岩潜山油气勘探具有实践价值。综合岩石学、地球化学和油气地质资料,系统对比了渤海湾、东海和珠江口等典型盆地中生代岩浆岩特征和油气藏类型。得出以下结论:我国近海含油气盆地的中生代岩浆岩岩性复杂,包括火山岩和侵入岩两类20余种岩性,其中渤海湾盆地火山岩发育基性到酸性多种类型,而其他盆地除基性火山岩外均较为发育,侵入岩主要为闪长岩和花岗岩等,以及少量的辉绿岩、闪长玢岩等次火山岩;岩浆活动主要发育在晚侏罗世、早白垩世和晚白垩世三个阶段,受控于古太平洋板块的俯冲及后续的弧后裂谷作用;近海盆地发生了差异构造演化,从侏罗纪的挤压背景转换到白垩纪的区域伸展环境,东海和渤海湾盆地经历弧后裂谷作用,珠江口盆地属于陆缘岩浆弧环境;近海含油气盆地形成了花岗岩风化壳型、岩浆杂岩型和中酸性熔岩型三类油气藏,侵入相的花岗岩、溢流相的中酸性熔岩或多种岩相岩性的叠加杂岩,经历了强烈的风化作用以及构造和流体的改造作用是潜山岩浆岩成储的关键。In recent years,Mesozoic magmatic rock has been found in many offshore petroleum-bearing basins in China,and it is widely distributed,such as the Bohai Bay basin,the East China Sea basin,the Pearl River Mouth basin,and the Qiongdongnan basin.Petrological,geochemical and reservoir research of Mesozoic magmatic rock in these basins are not only of theoretical significance for the formation and evolution of the basement of basins,but also of practical value for oil and gas exploration in magmatic buried hills.This paper systematically compares the characteristics of Mesozoic magmatic rock and the types of oil and gas reservoirs in the typical basins of the Bohai Bay basin,the Pearl River Mouth basin,and the East China Sea basin using petrological,geochemical,and petroleum geological data.Research has shown that the Mesozoic magmatic rock in China’s offshore petroleum-bearing basins consists of two major categories of volcanic and intrusive rocks with more than 20 types of lithologies.There are different volcanic rocks from basic to acid in the Bohai Bay basin,and a lack of basic volcanic rocks in other basins.They developed mainly in three stages:Late Jurassic,Early Cretaceous,and Late Cretaceous.Controlled by the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate and subsequent back-arc rifting,the offshore basins underwent differential tectonic evolutions under a transition environment from a compression in the Jurassic to an extension in the Cretaceous.The East China Sea basin and the Bohai Bay basin underwent back-arc rifting,and the Pearl River Mouth basin was an offshore magmatic arc.There are three types of reservoirs,namely,granitic weathered crusts,igneous complex,and intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks.Favorable lithological facies,intense tectonic and weathering modification,and strong dissolution are the keys to the reservoir formation of magmatic rocks for buried hills.

关 键 词：近海含油气盆地 中生代 岩浆岩 岩浆岩油气藏 潜山 渤海湾盆地 东海盆地 珠江口盆地 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]