三种内固定方式治疗AO/OTA A3型股骨远端骨折的有限元分析  

Finite element analysis of three internal fixation methods for type AO/OTA A3 distal femoral fractures

作　　者：张金辉 刘晖[1] 徐维臻 熊远飞 张剑平 吴进[1] Zhang Jinhui;Liu Hui;Xu Weizhen;Xiong Yuanfei;Zhang Jianping;Wu Jin(Department of Orthopedics,909 Hospital,Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University,Zhangzhou 363000,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]第909医院暨厦门大学附属东南医院骨科,福建省漳州市363000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第27期5728-5734,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:股骨远端骨折的患者年龄呈双峰分布,多见于高能量损伤的青壮年和低能量损伤的老年人。对于复杂的股骨远端骨折,单一的股骨远端外侧微创内固定系统或股骨逆行髓内钉的固定方式可能无法实现骨折愈合的稳定环境,因此常常需要联合固定。目的:设计了一款针对股骨远端A3型骨折的新型联合内固定方式(微创内固定系统+胫骨逆行髓内钉),使用有限元方法与2种常用联合固定方式——双钢板(微创内固定系统+锁定加压钢板)和钉板联合(微创内固定系统+股骨逆行髓内钉)固定的生物力学性能进行对比分析,为股骨远端型骨折临床内固定的选择提供理论依据。方法:选择一名23岁健康男性志愿者的股骨CT图像,基于Mimics与Geomagic Studio软件重建股骨三维模型,并与其他文献所做体外有限元分析数据比较,验证此次制作股骨三维模型的有效性。使用Creo 5.0软件建立股骨远端A3型骨折模型与内固定三维模型,对股骨骨折模型与3种联合内固定方式(微创内固定系统+胫骨逆行髓内钉、微创内固定系统+锁定加压钢板、微创内固定系统+股骨逆行髓内钉)进行装配并行布尔运算,建立3组有限元模型。随后导入Abaqus有限元分析软件中赋予材料属性,施加相同的边界条件与3种载荷(正常站立、缓慢行走、下楼梯)提交计算,分析3组模型受力后内固定应力分布、股骨整体与局部变形情况,评估新型联合内固定方式(微创内固定系统+胫骨逆行髓内钉)的失效风险与抗变形能力。结果与结论:①微创内固定系统+胫骨逆行髓内钉抗变形能力虽然低于微创内固定系统+锁定加压钢板10%左右,但与微创内固定系统+股骨逆行髓内钉相当,具备良好的抗变形能力;②3种联合内固定方式的股骨刚度基本不随步态发生变化;随着载荷的增加,股骨位移量基本呈线性增加,稳定性较高;③微创内固定系统+胫�BACKGROUND:The age distribution of patients with distal femur fracture is bimodal,being more common in young adults with high-energy injuries and older individuals with low-energy injuries.In cases of complex distal femoral fractures,a single less invasive stabilization system or retrograde femoral nail is insufficient to provide a stable environment for fracture healing and combined fixation is often necessary.OBJECTIVE:A novel combined fixation method(less invasive stabilization system combined with retrograde tibial nail)was developed for the treatment of type A3 distal femur fractures.Using finite element analysis,the bio-mechanical properties of this method were compared with two common combined fixation methods—dual plate(less invasive stabilization system combined with locking compression plate)and nail plate combination(less invasive stabilization system combined with retrograde femoral nail).This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of clinical internal fixation methods for distal femur fracture.METHODS:CT images of a 23-year-old healthy male volunteer were utilized to reconstruct the femur three-dimensional model using Mimics and Geomagic Studio software.This model was then compared with in vitro finite element analysis data from existing literature to validate the accuracy of the femoral threedimensional model.The three-dimensional model of type A3 distal femur fractures and internal fixation were then created using Creo 5.0 software.Three kinds of different combined fixation methods(less invasive stabilization system+retrograde tibial nail,less invasive stabilization system+locking compression plate,less invasive stabilization system+retrograde femoral nail)were assembled and subjected to Boolean operation to establish three sets of finite element models.These models were then imported into Abaqus finite element analysis software to assign material properties,apply consistent boundary conditions,and submit calculations under three loads(normal standing,slow walking,and descend

关 键 词：股骨远端骨折 双钢板 股骨逆行髓内钉 胫骨逆行髓内钉 有限元分析 生物力学 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R687