上海地区印度南瓜种质的表型遗传多样性评价  

Phenotypic genetic diversity analysis of Cucurbita maxima germplasm resources in Shanghai

作　　者：蔡惟义 张翼鹏 柳绮君 王辰元 廖健利 王小丽[1] CAI Weiyi;ZHANG Yipeng;LIU Qijun;WANG Chenyuan;LIAO Jianli;WANG Xiaoli(College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;Shanghai Caoye Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201400,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命科学学院,上海200234 [2]上海曹野农业发展有限公司,上海201400

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（自然科学版中英文）》2024年第5期633-640,共8页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：上海植物种质资源工程技术研究中心项目(17DZ2252700)。

摘　　要：为提高上海地区印度南瓜种质资源的高效利用,加快印度南瓜新品种选育进程,以21份印度南瓜种质为材料,对其植物学表型性状进行遗传多样性分析.结果表明,7个数量性状变异系数在10.01%~33.65%,遗传多样性指数H'在1.474~2.004.18个质量性状的遗传多样性指数H'在0~1.724,数量性状的H'普遍大于质量性状.相关性分析结果显示,叶片长、叶片宽、叶柄长及首雄花节位与单瓜重呈显著正相关;主蔓色为深绿色的印度南瓜,其叶柄粗显著高于绿色主蔓色南瓜;叶面有白斑的印度南瓜的叶片长与单瓜重较低.通过主成分分析(PCA)将印度南瓜14个表型性状转化为4个主成分,累积贡献率为73.15%,叶片等表型性状可作为评价印度南瓜表型性状的主要指标.聚类分析将21份印度南瓜种质分为5个特征不同的类群,为后续印度南瓜新品种选育提供依据.In order to improve the efficient utilization on germplasm resources of Cucurbita maxima Duch.in Shanghai and to accelerate the breeding process of C.maxima,the phenotypic diversity of 21 germplasms of C.maxima was analyzed in this study.The results showed that the coefficients of variation of seven quantitative traits of C.maxima ranged from 10.01% to 33.65%,and the genetic diversity index H'ranged from 1.474 to 2.004.The H'of 18 qualitative traits ranged from 0 to 1.724,and the H'of quantitative traits was generally greater than the H'of qualitative traits.Correlation analysis showed that the traits of leaf length,leaf width,petiole length,and first male flower position were significantly and positively correlated with the single melon weight;C.maxima with dark green color main vines had significantly thicker petioles than those with green color ones,and plants with white spots on leaf surface had shorter leaf length and lower single melon weight.Principal component analysis(PCA)divided 14 phenotypic traits of C.maxima into four principal components,with a cumulative contribution rate of 73.15%.And the leaf-related traits could be used to evaluate the phenotypic traits of C.maxima.Cluster analysis divided 21 germplasms into 5 groups with different characteristics,which provided a basis for the subsequent breeding new cultivars of C.maxima.

关 键 词：印度南瓜(Cucurbita maxima) 种质资源 表型性状 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]