乡村治理现代化的结构转换与机制创新——以资源约束型村庄为例  

The Structural Transformation and Mechanism Innovation of Rural Governance Modernization:A Case Study of Resource-constrained Villages

作　　者：何晓龙 HE Xiaolong

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学[武汉]马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2024年第6期146-163,共18页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“习近平总书记关于“四个自信”重要论述研究”(编号:21&ZD003);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助项目“乡村新型公共文化空间建设理路研究”(编号:G1323524168)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：打破乡村治理资源瓶颈,是新时期乡村治理现代化需要回应的基本问题。国家资源下乡虽然有利于民生发展,但也意外导致乡村治理的资源依赖问题。对于国家资源退场与村集体经济薄弱的资源约束型村庄而言,要解决好资源依赖问题,需要适应乡村治理结构转换,把创建多元村民小组自治模式作为乡村治理现代化的重要实践转向。资源约束型村庄通过明确乡村治理公私边界,构建村庄四级治理体系,创建形成青年主导型村民小组自治模式和村贤主导型村民小组自治模式,提高了乡村治理水平。而创新权责明晰机制、社会基础激活机制、资源聚合机制和信任生产机制,则是推动多元村民小组自治模式运行的基本逻辑。在乡村治理结构转换的背景下,创建和发展多元村民小组自治模式,既能实现乡村治理行政与自治的互嵌,也为乡村治理现代化转向提供了新的经验镜鉴。Breaking the bottleneck of rural governance resources is a fundamental issue that needs to be addressed regarding rural govemance modernization in the new era.Although the transfer of national resources to the countyside is beneficial to the development of people's livelihood,it also inadvertently leads to the issue of"resource dependence"of rural governance.For resource-constrained villages,where national resources have withdrawn and the village collective economy is weak,solving the"resource dependence"problem requires adapting to the transformation of rural governance structure and focusing on the creation of diverse villager group autonomy model as an important practice for rural govermance modermization.The resource-constrained villages have improved their govermance level by clarifying the public-private boundaries of rural govermance,constructing a four-tier governance system,and creating youth-led and village sage-led villager group autonomy models.Innovating the mechanisms of clarifying power and responsibility,activating social foundations,aggregating resources,and producing trust,are the basic logic to promote the operation of the multiple villager group autonomy models.In the context of rural governance structural transformation,creating and developing a diverse villager group autonomy model not only realizes the integration of administrative and autonomous governance,but also provides new experience for the modernization of rural governance.

关 键 词：乡村治理 治理结构转换 村民小组自治治理共同体 公共治理制度 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学]