2017-2021年云南沧源佤山机场雨季雾的统计特征  

Statistical Characteristics of Rainy Season Fog at Cangyuan Washan Airport in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：郭萍 李斌 段绍玲 张万诚 王佳妮[2] 杨宏庆 常敬波 杨雪 GUO Ping;LI Bin;DUAN Shaoling;ZHANG Wancheng;WANG Jiani;YANG Hongqing;CHANG Jingbo;YANG Xue(Research Center for Disastrous Weather in Hengduan Mountains,China Meteorological Administration,Kunming 650034,China;Lincang Meteorological Office of Yunnan Province,Linxiang 677099,China;Dali National Climate Observatory,China Meteorological Administration,Dali 671003,China;Meteorological Science Institute of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650034,China;Dali Mountain Meteorological Field Science Experiment Base,China Meteorological Administration,Dali 671003,China;Yunnan Airport Group Co.,LTD.Cangyuan Washan Airport,Cangyuan 677406,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局横断山区(低纬高原)灾害性天气研究中心,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省临沧市气象局,云南临翔677099 [3]中国气象局大理国家气候观象台,云南大理671003 [4]云南省气象科学研究所,云南昆明650034 [5]中国气象局大理山地气象野外科学试验基地,云南大理671003 [6]云南机场集团有限责任公司沧源佤山机场,云南沧源677406

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2024年第6期755-760,共6页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(42075013);云南重点研发计划-社会发展专项资助项目(202203AC100006);云南省科技厅科技计划资助项目(202305AM070004)。

摘　　要：为研究云南沧源佤山机场(简称佤山机场)遮挡跑道入口的雾的天气特征,利用机场2017-2021年地面逐日气温、降水、风、湿度以及人工观测天气现象等资料和ERA5逐日再分析资料,统计分析机场雾的时间变化、地面气象要素以及影响天气系统的基本特征。结果表明:雾年平均日数137.2 d,主要集中在当地雨季即6-10月(占全年的80%),7-9月出现日数最多,为26 d左右,但影响航班以7月、8月和10月日数最多。在2~3 m/s的偏东风或3~5 m/s的偏西风作用下,山谷里的低云抬升至跑道入口形成雾,上午出现次数多于下午,多出现在05-10时(北京时),持续时间短则40 min,长则6~9 h,影响航班的时段大部分在14时之前。主要影响天气系统为西行热带低压和西北太平洋副热带高压(简称副高)、两高(副高与青藏高压)辐合、低涡切变线与西南季风。To study the weather characteristics of the fog blocking the runway entrance at Yunnan Cangyuan Washan Air-port(referred to as Washan Airport),using the daily surface temperature,precipitation,wind,humidity,and artificially observed weather phenomena at the airport from 2017 to 2021 as well as daily reanalysis data from ERA5,the temporal variation of airport fog,surface meteorological elements and basic characteristics affecting weather systems are statistically analyzed.The results show:The annual average number of fog days is 137.2 days,mainly concentrated in the local rainy season from June to October(accounting for 80%of the whole year),the highest number of days occur from July to Sep-tember each year which is about 26 days,but the number of days affecting flights is the largest in July,August and Octo-ber.Under the influence of easterly winds ranging from 2 to 3 m/s or westerly winds ranging from 3 to 5 m/s,low clouds in the valley rise to the runway entrance to form fog,they appear more frequently in the morning than in the afternoon,mostly from 5 to 10 o爷clock(Beijing time),with a duration of as short as 40 minutes and as long as 6 to 9 hours,Most of the time periods that affect flights are before 14 o爷clock.The main weather systems are the westward tropical depression,the northwest Pacific subtropical anticyclone(referred to as the subtropical high),the convergence of the two highs(sub-tropical high and Tibetan high),the low vortex shear line and the southwest monsoon.

关 键 词：佤山机场 雾 雨季 水汽 地面气象要素 统计特征 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]