“适度进口”:我国粮食关税配额制度优化的逻辑进路  

“Moderate Import”:The Logical Approach to Optimize Grain Tariff-rate Quota System

作　　者：李蕊[1] 李佩璇 LI Rui;LI Peixuan

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088 [2]中国政法大学中欧法学院,北京102249

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2024年第11期113-126,共14页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“我国粮食安全保障法治化的困境与克服研究”(编号:21BFX110)。

摘　　要：粮食关税配额制度作为我国粮食进口贸易规范体系的重要构成,其优化革新是落实“适度进口”战略的必然要求。WTO农产品关税配额体系经乌拉圭回合、多哈回合多次谈判得以完善,各成员国如何贯彻执行该制度受到国际社会的广泛关注。现阶段,我国粮食关税配额制度的WTO合规风险俨然成为粮食安全治理体系亟待回应的问题,配额申请标准透明度不足、配额分配行政程序规范程度较低、再分配补足规则不健全等问题愈发严重。本文通过梳理粮食关税配额制度现有问题,并结合WTO粮食贸易规则体系,试图从体系化、透明化、充分化、规范化角度提出具体完善建议,以期实现该制度维护国内粮食安全的同时,与国际规则相衔接。As an important institutional component of China's grain import trade regulation system,the optimization and innovation of grain tariff-rate quota are inevitable requirements for the implementation of the strategy of“moderate import”.The WTO agricultural tariff-rate quotas system has been refined in the Uruguay Round and the Doha Round through negotiations,and the international community has shown significant interest in how member states apply the system.At the current stage,the WTO compliance risks of China's grain tariff-rate quota system have become a pressing concern for the food security governance system.The issues of inadequate transparency in quota application standards,limited standardization in quota allocation administrative procedures,and flawed rules for replenishing quota filling rates have progressively worsened.This paper aims to propose specific improvements to the grain tariff-rate quota system by addressing its current issues and integrating it with the WTO food trade rules system.The recommended enhancements focus on systematization,transparency,adequacy,and standardization.The ultimate goal is to strike a balance between maintaining domestic food security and complying with international rules.

关 键 词：粮食关税配额制度 粮食进口 粮食安全 WTO合规 

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