单细胞转录组测序和染色质可及性测序技术概述及应用  

Review of Single-cell RNA Sequencing and Chromatin Accessibility Sequencing Technologies in Plants

作　　者：王飞[1] 王军辉[2,3] 张耀丹 姚程程 王少丽[1] 夏永秀 李艺柔 张蔷 李少锋[1] WANG Fei;WANG Junhui;ZHANG Yaodan;YAO Chengcheng;WANG Shaoli;XIA Yongxiu;LI Yirou;ZHANG Qiang;LI Shaofeng(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Experimental Center of Forestry in North China,CAF National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing,Beijing 100091;Research Institute of Forestry,CAF Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration National Forest Genetic Resource,Beijing 100091;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing,100091;School of Life Sciences,Tsinghua University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心北京九龙山暖温带国家森林长期科研基地,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室国家林木种质资源平台,北京100091 [3]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室中国林业科学研究院,北京100091 [4]清华大学生命科学学院生物信息学教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2024年第4期85-88,共4页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2020QD001);国家自然科学基金项目(31770705、31400570);农业生物育种重大专项“西北地区抗虫高产杨树新品种设计与培育”(2022ZD0401503)。

摘　　要：细胞异质性是生物组织的普遍特征,单细胞测序技术兴起能解决传统测序不能解决的细胞异质性带来的基因组、转录组、蛋白质组水平差异。非编码水平的染色质动态调控对基因转录调节具有重要作用,染色质可及性测序技术为科研人员提供了全基因组范围的染色质开放区域信息。单细胞转录组测序(scRNA-seq)、染色质可及性测序(scATAC-seq)技术首先被应用在动物、人体组织研究,近五年scRNA-seq、scATAC-seq技术开始应用在植物研究中。单细胞水平的高通量测序技术为分析植物细胞异质性图谱提供有力手段。染色质可及性测序是分析染色质开放、关闭区域的重要手段。近年来,上述技术在植物中的应用文献报道呈明显的上升趋势。本文深入探讨了这些新兴技术的原理和方法,以及它们的应用和对植物科学研究的贡献,并对单细胞转录组测序(scRNA-seq)、染色质可及性测序(scATAC-seq)及其联合运用在阐明植物细胞异质性和基因调控复杂机制方面进行全面概述。Cellular heterogeneity,a ubiquitous characteristic of biological tissues,poses challenges in elucidating genomic,transcriptomic,and proteomic variations that traditional sequencing methods struggle to address.The emergence of single-cell sequencing technologies has revolutionized our ability to unravel these complexities.Specifically,non-coding chromatin dynamics play a pivotal role in gene transcription regulation,and chromatin accessibility sequencing technologies,such as ATAC-seq(Assay for Transposase-accessible Chromatin using sequencing),offer researchers genome-wide insights into open chromatin regions.Initially applied to animal and human tissue studies,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and ATAC-seq have,in the past five years,gained traction in plant research.High-throughput sequencing at the single-cell level has emerged as a powerful means to analyze plant cellular heterogeneity landscapes.Chromatin accessibility sequencing,in particular,is a crucial technique for elucidating regions of chromatin that are open or closed.In recent years,there has been a marked increase in the publication of studies utilizing these technologies in plant research.This paper delved into the principles and methodologies of these novel technologies,their applications,and their documented contributions to plant science research,and aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of scRNA-seq,scATAC-seq,and their integration in elucidating the intricate mechanisms underpinning plant cellular heterogeneity and gene regulation.

关 键 词：单细胞转录组测序 单细胞染色质可及性测序 细胞异质性 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学]