对胡适《考证学方法之来历》的考证——兼及汉语学界明清学术与西学关系之研究  

A Textual Criticism of Hu Shi’s“The Origin of Textual Criticism Methods”:Also on the Studies of the Relationship Between Ming⁃Qing Scholarship and Western Learning by the Chinese Scholars

作　　者：姜哲[1] Jiang Zhe

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学文学院

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2024年第4期80-87,共8页Chinese Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国经学诠释学思想史研究及释经文献整理”(23&ZD236)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在论及明清学术与西学关系之时,很多中国学者都会援引“胡适”《考证学方法的来历》一文,即所谓明清考证学方法“全系受利玛窦来华影响”。而从所引文字及标题来看,实皆“转引”自徐宗泽《明清间耶稣会士译著提要》。考之《大公报》《华北日报》及“胡适日记”,徐宗泽所引却并非胡适本人观点,而恰是其反驳之假设。鉴于耶稣会士来华及其传播西学已是不争的事实,明清考证学或受其影响亦难称大胆之假设。但即便如此,其仍然需要小心的加以求证。明清学术与西学之关系实极为复杂,其参差互渗的往复交叠不仅需要沉潜的考证更有待于高明的决断。When discussing the relationship between Ming⁃Qing scholarship and Western learning,most Chinese scholars cite Hu Shi’s article“The Origin of Textual Criticism Methods,”which states that,Ming⁃Qing textual criticism methods were“all influenced by Matteo Ricci’s visit to China.”However,judging from the quoted text and article’s title,these scholars are indirectly referencing Xu Zongze’s Summary of Jesuits’Translation Works in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.After examining Ta Kung Pao,North China Daily,and Hu Shi’s diary,it is worth noting that Xu Zongze’s quotation is not Hu Shi’s opinion but the very hypothesis he rejects.In view of the fact that the Jesuits came to China and spread Western learning,it is difficult to call it a bold assumption that the textual criticism of the Ming and Qing dynasties perhaps has been influenced by them.But even so,it still needs to be carefully verified.The relationship between Ming⁃Qing scholarship and Western learning is so complex that it requires not only dedicated textual criticism but also brilliant judgments.

关 键 词：胡适 《考证学方法之来历》 考证 明清学术 西学 

分 类 号：K0[历史地理—历史学]