“慢就业”大学毕业生群像特征研究——基于全国31省(自治区、直辖市)274所本科院校调查数据的实证分析  

Research on the Characteristics of the Group Image of'Slow Employment'College Graduates--Empirical Analysis Based on Survey Data from 274 Undergraduate Institutions in 31 Provinces(Autonomous Regions,Municipalities Directly under the Central Government)Across the Country

作　　者：彭树宏 付泉 PENG Shu-hong;FU Quan

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学财税与公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国大学生就业》2024年第11期91-104,共14页Journal of Chinese College Student Employment

基　　金：赣州市社联重大课题暨江西省社科基金项目“赣州市破解就业和招工结构性矛盾的有效举措研究”。

摘　　要：本研究基于全国31省(自治区、直辖市)274所本科院校慢就业大学毕业生的大型微观调查数据,描述了不同特征维度大学毕业生的慢就业类型分布,并从就业状态、就业观和就业期望三个方面,对慢就业大学毕业生及其细分类型的群像特征进行研究。研究发现,男性、人文社会科学、一般院校和贫困大学生在更具危害性的长期慢就业和消极慢就业上的占比显著更高;家庭的经济和精神支持是慢就业大学毕业生维持慢就业状态的最重要支柱;获得高质量的工作岗位、具备更强的就业能力和失去家庭支持是促使慢就业大学毕业生结束慢就业状态去工作的最重要因素;慢就业大学毕业生最期待体制内的工作,最想去一线和新一线城市就业,最看重工作本身的薪酬和未来发展空间,同时也比较注重工作和生活之间的平衡。In recent years,slow employment for college graduates as a new choice after graduation has gradually attracted widespread attention from society.However,due to limitations in data,people still lack a systematic understanding of this group.This study is based on a large-scale micro survey data of 274 undergraduate college graduates with slow employment in 31 provinces(autonomous regions,municipalities directly under the central government)in China.It describes the distribution of slow employment types among college graduates with different feature dimensions,and studies the group image characteristics of slow employment college graduates and their sub types from three aspects:employment status,employment outlook,and employment expectations.Research has found that men,humanities and social sciences,general universities,and impoverished college students have a significantly higher proportion of more harmful long-term slow employment and negative slow employment;The economic and spiritual support of the family is the most important pillar for slow employment college graduates to maintain their slow employment status;Obtaining high-quality job positions,having stronger employability,and losing family support are the most important factors that encourage slow employment college graduates to end their slow employment status and start working;Slow employment college graduates are most looking forward to jobs within the system,most eager to find employment in first tier and new first tier cities,most concerned about the salary and future development space of the job itself,and also pay more attention to the balance between work and life.

关 键 词：大学生 慢就业 难就业 懒就业 就业观 就业期望 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]