中华绒螯蟹蜕壳周期内肠道微生物的动态变化  

Dynamic Changes of Intestinal Microbes during the Molting Process of Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：钱逸 姜鹏飞 陈晓雯 王军 王成辉[1,2] QIAN Yi;JIANG Pengfei;CHEN Xiaowen;WANG Jun;WANG Chenghui(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education/Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室/水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心/上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2024年第4期345-352,共8页Journal of Economic Animal

基　　金：上海市中华绒螯蟹现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(沪农科产字2022-4)。

摘　　要：为探究中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)在蜕壳过程中肠道微生物菌群的演替规律和动态变化,利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术检测了中华绒螯蟹在一个蜕壳周期内(蜕壳前期、蜕壳间期和蜕壳后期)肠道微生物的动态变化。结果表明:3个蜕壳时期的肠道微生物优势菌门均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota),其中变形菌门相对丰度最高。在蜕壳后期,Alpha多样性指数中的Chao和Sobs丰富度指数与间期、前期相比无显著差异(P>0.05),但Shannon指数和Simpson指数均差异极显著(P<0.01),蜕壳后期的菌群多样性最低,而蜕壳间期最高。主成分分析(PCoA)和ANOSIM检验表明,蜕壳后期的肠道菌群与间期、前期相比均存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。在门水平,变形菌门在蜕壳后期的丰度极显著高于蜕壳间期和前期(P<0.01),而厚壁菌门和放线菌门则是蜕壳间期、前期高于蜕壳后期。在属水平,假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)与产碱菌属(Alcaligenes)在蜕壳后期丰度最高(P<0.01)。研究结果表明,中华绒螯蟹的肠道微生物与所处蜕壳时期有关,蜕壳会显著影响肠道微生物的组成和含量,进而影响其生长发育过程。This study was aim to explore the composition characteristics and dynamic changes of intestinal microbes in Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)during the molting process.The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to investigate the composition,diversity and differences of intestinal microbes at different molting stages(pre-molting,intermolting and post-molting stages)of the crab.The results showed that the dominant phyla of the intestinal microbes of Eriocheir sinensis were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota,and Proteobacteria was absolutely dominant taxa.The Chao and Sobs indexes of alpha diversity showed that there was no significant difference(P>0.05),but the Shonnon and Simpson diversity indexes were extremely significant difference(P<0.01)between the post-molting stage and the intermolting,pre-molting stages.The PCoA analysis and ANOSIM test confirmed that there were extremely significant differences(P<0.01)between the post-molting stage and the inter-molting,pre-molting stages.At the phylum level,the abundance of Proteobacteria at the post-molting stage was extremely significantly higher than that at the inter-molting and pre-molting stages(P<0.01).While the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria at the inter-molting and pre-molting stages were higher than that at the post-molting stage.At the genus level,the abundances of Pseudomonas and Alcaligenes were the highest at the post-molting stage(P<0.01),and exhibited the trends of decreasing at the post-molting stage and increasing at the pre-molting stage.The present results showed that there was the obvious relationship between composition of intestinal microbes and molting stage of Eriocheir sinensis,molting process should significantly affect composition and content of intestinal microbes,and should affect the growth and development of Eriocheir sinensis.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 蜕壳周期 肠道微生物 多样性 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]