肺类器官模型的发展及其在职业暴露健康效应评估中的应用  

Development of lung organoid models and their application in health effect assessment of occupational exposure

作　　者：李奕霞 陈汉清 韩毅[1] LI Yixia;CHEN Hanqing;HAN Yi(Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 101149,China;Department of Nutrition&Food Hygiene,School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市结核病胸部肿瘤研究所/首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院,北京101149 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100069

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2024年第10期1103-1108,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:(32171370);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目:(2022A1515010415);北京市属医学科研院所公益发展改革试点项目(JYY2023-15);首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2020-2Z-2164)。

摘　　要：肺是人类的主要呼吸器官,特别容易受到与职业相关危害因子的影响。我国工业和城市化的快速发展以及新兴产业的涌现,加剧了工人发生肺相关职业危害的风险,为肺相关的职业毒理研究带来了巨大挑战。肺类器官技术,作为一种新兴的三维细胞培养技术,能够在实验室环境下对人肺部结构和功能进行模拟,可以直接观察和评估各种职业环境中危险因子对肺的影响。此外,类器官模型培养还具有短周期、高通量等特点,在模拟肺部疾病的发生发展过程和职业性肺疾病的潜在治疗药物的筛选及评估中发挥巨大作用。因此,肺相关类器官技术的发展,不仅提高了肺部相关职业暴露健康效应的评估水平,还能够助力研究者们更好地理解职业肺疾病的病理机制和有效防治策略的开发,是研究职业性肺病的有力工具。本文综述了近年来肺类器官模型的发展及其生物医学应用,重点评估其在肺部相关职业暴露健康效应评估中的应用潜力。The lungs,being the principal respiratory organs in humans,are highly vulnerable to occupational exposure hazards.The rapid industrialization and urbanization in China,coupled with the rise of new industries,have heightened the risk of lung-related occupational hazards for workers,thereby presenting substantial challenges to research in lung-related occupational toxicology.The emerging technology of lung organoids,a three-dimensional cell culture technique,has the potential to replicate human lung structure and function in a laboratory setting,enabling direct observation and assessment of various impacts.Furthermore,the organoid model's short cycles and high throughput play a critical role in the simulation of the occurrence and development of lung impairments and the screening and evaluation of potential therapeutic drugs for occupational lung diseases.As such,the utilization of lung-related organoid technology not only improves the assessment level of the health effects of lung-related occupational exposure,but also enhances researchers'understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying lung diseases and aids in the development of prevention and treatment strategies,rendering it a valuable tool for investigating occupational lung diseases.This paper provided a comprehensive overview of the advancements in lung organoid models and their biomedical applications,particularly in the evaluation of the potential application in the heath effects of lung-related occupational exposures.

关 键 词：肺类器官 职业性肺病 三维生物打印 器官芯片 

分 类 号：R11[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]