两河流域乌尔第三王朝对外交往  

Foreign Exchange in the Third Dynasty of Ur in Mesopotamia

作　　者：刘昌玉[1] Liu Changyu

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院

出　　处：《历史研究》2024年第8期115-137,M0006,共24页Historical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项2022年重大招标项目“世界古代早期国家形态比较研究”(22VLS012);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“早期两河流域契约文书整理研究与数据库建设”(23JZD040)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乌尔第三王朝是古代两河流域苏美尔人建立的中央集权制统一王朝。该王朝设立接待外国使者来访部门和国内使者派出部门两套机构,由最高行政长官统一负责。乌尔第三王朝对外交往活动既不同于苏美尔城邦时期的邦际交往,也有别于后来阿马尔纳时代的大国交往,起到承上启下的作用。派遣使者、赠送礼物、宣誓仪式、政治联姻,以及邀请外宾参加节日庆典等举措,为后来的两河流域王朝所效仿,对古代近东社会发展产生重要影响。The Third Dynasty of Ur was a united,centralized Sumerian dynasty in ancient Mesopotamia unique for two particular institutions,one charged with receiving foreign envoys and the other with sending out its own envoys under the control of a supreme administrator.These foreign exchange activities in the Neo-Sumerian Empire functioned as a link between dynasties but differed from the interaction between Sumerian city-states and the great power exchanges of the later Amarna Period.In the end,practices of dispatching envoys,gift-giving,conducting special ceremonies for oaths,engaging in political marriages,and inviting foreign guests to festivals would be emulated by later dynasties and have a lasting impact on the social development of the ancient Near East.

关 键 词：乌尔第三王朝 对外交往 政治联姻 亚述学 两河文明 

分 类 号：D819[政治法律—国际关系] K12[政治法律—政治学]