草地植物保护学科研究现状与展望  

Research status and prospects of grassland plant protection discipline

作　　者：李霜 那日苏 花立民[4] 涂雄兵[1] Li Shuang;Narisu;Hua Limin;Tu Xiongbing(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 401329,China;Xilingol League Grassland Workstation,Xilinhot 026000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Engineering and Technology Research Center for Alpine Rodent Pests Control,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Pratacultural College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]重庆市农业科学院,重庆401329 [3]锡林郭勒盟草原工作站,内蒙古锡林浩特026000 [4]甘肃农业大学草业学院,国家林业草原高寒草地鼠害防控工程技术研究中心,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2024年第5期981-987,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1401104)。

摘　　要：草地植保是预防和控制病、虫、草、鼠害对草地植物的危害,确保草地生态系统健康发展的一门学科。传统防治方法农药用量大且施用频繁,极易引发3R(抗性、再增猖獗和残留)问题,同时不可避免地对生态环境造成较严重的损害。因此,转变草原生物灾害的防控理念显得尤为迫切。该文从多个维度对草原主要生物灾害发生的现状、成因以及相应的防控策略与手段进行总结,并基于促进草地生态系统长期、可持续发展的目标,倡导采用一系列环境友好、操作便捷且经济高效的防治措施。此外,为促进草地生态系统绿色健康发展,践行强农兴农使命,从草原生物多样性、新型生物农药研发、生态治理等多方面组稿,探讨草地管理措施在调控草原有害生物种群动态方面所展现出的积极潜力与显著成效,以期积极推动草地植物保护学科向更高质量的方向迈进。Grassland plant protection is science about preventing and controlling the damage caused by diseases,pests,weeds,and rodents to grassland plants,ensuring the health development of the grassland ecosystem.Traditional pest control methods require large amounts of chemicals and frequent applica-tion,which can easily lead to the 3R(resistance,resurgence,and residue)issues,and inevitably cause significant damage to the ecological environment.In light of this,it is particularly urgent to shift the concept of controlling grassland biological disasters.This special issue analyzed the current situation,causes,and corresponding prevention and control strategies and means of major grassland biological di-sasters from multiple dimensions,especially in China.To promote the long-term sustainable develop-ment of grassland ecosystems,we advocate for a series of environmentally friendly,easy-to-operate,and cost-effective prevention and control measures.At the same time,in order to promote the green and healthy development of grassland ecosystems,fulfill the mission of strengthening agriculture and revi-talizing rural areas,we have collected contributions from multiple aspects such as grassland biodiver-sity,research and development of new biopesticides,and ecological governance to explore the positive potential and significant effectiveness of grassland management measures in regulating the population dynamics of biological disasters in grasslands,in order to actively promote the construction and devel-opment of plant protection disciplines towards higher quality.

关 键 词：草原生物多样性 生态位 生物农药 综合防治 草地植保 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]