天然草原植物病害研究进展  

Progress in researches on natural grassland diseases

作　　者：钱亚妮 李晓鹏 牛欣 杨浩 李春杰 俞斌华[4] Qian Yani;Li Xiaopeng;Niu Xin;Yang Hao;Li Chunjie;Yu Binhua(Grassland Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Gansu Grassland Technical Extension Station,Lanzhou 730046,Gansu Province,China;Gansu Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bureau Grassland Management Office,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu Province,China;Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry,Ministry of Education,State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems,School of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院,国家林草局草原研究中心,北京100091 [2]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,兰州730046 [3]甘肃省林业和草原局草原管理处,兰州730030 [4]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,草地农业教育部工程研究中心,兰州730000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2024年第5期1033-1044,共12页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1401101);国家科学技术部第二次青藏高原综合考察项目(2019QZKK0302);2023年提前批中央财政林业改革发展资金草原生态修复治理科技支撑—甘肃省草原植物病害病原物鉴定项目(甘林草发﹝2022﹞200号);2023年中央财政林业草原改革发展资金甘肃省草原有害生物普查成果汇总项目(甘林规发﹝2023﹞208号)。

摘　　要：植物病害是草地生产力和可持续发展的关键限制因素之一,目前国内外多关注以紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa为代表的栽培草地植物病害,而天然草原病害的相关研究非常薄弱,严重限制了草原植物病害防控技术的研发和生产实践。该文系统综述了天然草原植物病害的种类及其主要寄主植物,继而梳理了病害发生、发展的规律以及生物因素和非生物因素对病害的影响,在此基础上分析了植物病害对天然草原生态系统演替的作用,着重讨论了植物病害对草地生产力和植物群落结构的影响,并对未来研究的重点和方向进行了展望,提出了应综合生态学思想并着重研发绿色调控技术的建议。Plant diseases are one of the key limiting factors for the productivity and sustainable develop-ment of grasslands.At present,much attention has been paid in China and abroad to plant diseases in cultivated grasslands represented by Medicago sativa,while the research related to natural grassland plant diseases is scarce,which obviously restricts the research and development of grassland plant dis-ease prevention and control technologies as well as the production practice.The article systematically reviews the types of plant diseases and their main host plants in natural grassland,and reveal the pattern of disease occurrence and development,as well as the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the dis-eases.In addition,analyses of the role of plant diseases on the succession of natural grassland ecosys-tems are performed with emphasis on the influence of plant diseases on the productivity of the grassland and the structure of the plant community.The focus and direction of future research is outlined,and sug-gestions are made to synthesize ecological ideas to conduct in-depth research and focus on the research and development of green control technologies.

关 键 词：天然草原 病害 影响因素 草地生态系统 病害防治 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]