一种新型混合型超导限流器的设计与实验研究  

Design and Experimental Research on a New Type of Hybrid Superconducting Current Limiter

作　　者：陆利强 庄劲武[1] 柯其琛 李思光[1] 岳丹阳 LU Liqiang;ZHUANG Jinwu;KE Qichen;LI Siguang;YUE Danyang(School of Electrical Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,武汉430033 [2]西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《高压电器》2024年第12期132-142,共11页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：为解决传统电阻型超导限流器因超导组件参与常态通流而产生的超导带材用量过多及电流引线漏热功率过大等问题,提出了一种适用于中压船舶直流电力系统短路故障保护的新型混合型超导限流器拓扑结构。对其基于IGBT、高速真空开关的联合换流过程进行了试验研究与理论计算,得出了电容、电感、电阻等参数对换流过程的影响规律;采用盘式无感绕制的方式制作了超导带材盘,组成的高温超导组件电感值仅2.9μH;介绍了限流器用高速真空开关的触头运动特性;最后对限流器样机进行了试验,样机成功将预期峰值为57.6 kA的短路电流限流至24 kA以内,完成了在短路电流上升率为34 A/μs条件下,7.7 kA电流的换流,换流时间仅为61μs,电容电压最大值为1170 V,并实现了高速真空开关无弧分断。In order to solve the problems of the excessive amount of superconducting tape and the excessive heat leakage power of the current lead due to the superconducting component participating in the normal current flow of the traditional resistive superconducting current limiter,the topological structure of a new type of hybrid supercon⁃ducting current limiter which is suitable short circuit protection of DC power supply suitable for medium voltage ships is proposed.The joint commutation process based on IGBT and high⁃speed vacuum switch is experimentally re⁃searched and theoretically calculated,and the influence of capacitance,inductance,resistance and other parameters on the commutation process is obtained;The inductance of the high⁃temperature superconducting assembly,which is composed of superconducting tape discs which is made by the disc non⁃inductive winding,is only 2.6μH;The contact movement characteristics of the high⁃speed vacuum switch for the current limiter are introduced;Finally,the prototype of the current limiter is tested,and the prototype successfully limits the short circuit current with the prospective peaks of 57.6 kA within 24 kA.The commutation of current at 7.7 kA is completed under the condition of the short⁃circuit current rise rate at 34 A/μs,the commutation time is only 61μs,and the maximum capacitor voltage is 1170 V.The arc⁃free breaking of the high⁃speed vacuum switch is achieved.

关 键 词：混合型超导限流器 中压直流 快速换流 高速真空开关 无弧分断 

分 类 号：TM471[电气工程—电器] U664.81[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]