难变形金属齿轮坯复杂精锻件锻后余热热处理工艺  

Heat treatment process of residual heat after forging of complex precision forgings for difficult-to-deform metal gear blank

作　　者：肖刚锋[1] 梁敬峰 刘梅华 徐尔灵 夏琴香[1] 利义旭 Xiao Gangfeng;Liang Jingfeng;Liu Meihua;Xu Erling;Xia Qinxiang;Li Yixu(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Shao Casting Precision Forging Co.,Ltd.,Shaoguan 512099,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640 [2]广东韶铸精锻有限公司,广东韶关512099

出　　处：《锻压技术》2024年第10期203-208,共6页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：广东省科技专项资金项目(210907154533470)。

摘　　要：针对齿轮坯精锻件锻后热处理耗能高、效率低等问题,提出一种利用锻造余热进行等温正火的余热热处理工艺,在保证锻件性能的基础上,减少了热处理时间、节省了能源消耗。基于齿轮坯的尺寸及材料特点,拟定了锻后余热热处理工艺,并使用Deform软件建立了锻后余热热处理有限元模拟模型,研究了热处理过程中锻件的温度、等效应力和微观组织的分布规律。结果表明:热处理过程中,齿轮坯内孔上端面降温速度最快、珠光体含量最高,齿轮坯外圈心部降温速度最慢、珠光体含量最低;在内壁处产生最大等效应力,约为60 MPa。在所制定的锻后余热热处理工艺,可获得合格的微观组织和硬度,大幅减少了等温正火热处理工艺中加热、保温的能源和时间。For the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency in heat treatment after forging of precision forgings for gear blank,an isothermal normalizing heat treatment process of residual heat by using forging residual heat was proposed,which reduced the heat treatment time and saved the energy consumption on the basis of ensuring the performance of forgings.Then,according to the dimension and material characteristics of gear blank,the heat treatment process of residual heat after forging was developed,and the finite element simulation model for the heat treatment process of residual heat after forging was established by software Deform.Furthermore,the distribution laws of temperature,equivalent stress and microstructure of forgings during heat treatment were studied.The results show that during the heat treatment process,the cooling speed for the upper end face of inner hole of gear blank is the fastest,and the pearlite content is the highest,while the cooling speed for the outer ring center of gear blank is the slowest,and the pearlite content is the lowest.The maximum equivalent stress generated at the inner wall is about 60 MPa.Thus,the developed heat treatment process of residual heat after forging can obtain qualified microstructure and hardness,and greatly reduces the energy and time of heating and holding in the isothermal normalizing heat treatment process.

关 键 词：齿轮坯精锻件 余热热处理 等温正火 微观组织 硬度 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]