喀斯特针阔混交林优势物种生态位与种间联结——以贵阳市为例  

Niche and interspecific association of dominant species in karst coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests:A case study in Guiyang

作　　者：陈月红 汤晓辛[1,2,3] 石慰 乙引[1,2,3] 晏苹 CHEN Yuehong;TANG Xiaoxin;SHI Wei;YI Ying;YAN Ping(School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025;Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Developmental Regulation,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范大学西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护国家林草局重点实验室,贵阳550025 [3]贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2024年第11期159-167,共9页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360330);国家自然科学基金-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1812401);贵阳市生物多样性调查与评价(GZZ-2021-018)资助。

摘　　要：结合物种的生态位特征与种间联结能更好地阐明物种的种间关系,为地区生物多样性保护与森林经营提供理论依据。文中以贵阳市喀斯特针阔混交林为研究对象,从重要值、生态位宽度、生态位重叠、方差比率法、χ^(2)检验、OI指数等方面分析乔灌层优势物种的生态位与种间联结。结果表明:针阔混交林共169种木本植物。乔木层的马尾松、灌木层的白栎重要值与生态位宽度最大,在群落中资源利用能力强,优势大,与其他物种具有较高的生态位重叠;乔灌层的生态位重叠现象普遍但较弱,种间竞争不激烈;乔木层总体关联性为正关联,灌木层为负关联,说明乔木层物种能更稳定的共存;总体关联性与种间联结不显著,χ^(2)检验、OI指数表明种间联结程度弱,种间关系较松散。总体而言,贵阳市喀斯特针阔混交林的生态位和种间联结特征受资源和生态位分化影响,共同促进群落物种的稳定共存。因此,在喀斯特针阔混交林恢复与改造过程中,可结合生态位与种间联结特征进行物种选择,推进地区绿化工程,保护地区物种多样性。Incorporating species niche characteristics and interspecific associations can better elucidate the interspecific relationships among species,and can provide a theoretical basis for regional biodiversity conservation and forest management.This study focuses on the karst coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest in Guiyang,to test the niche and interspecific associations of dominant species in the arbor and shrub layers by analyzing importance value,niche breadth,niche overlap,variance ratio test,χ^(2) test,and Ochai index.The results reveal that the mixed forest comprises 169 woody plant species,among which Pinus massoniana in the arbor layer and Quercus fabri in the shrub layer exhibit the highest importance values and niche breadths,indicating strong resource utilization capabilities and dominance in the community,as well as high niche overlap with other species.Although niche overlap is prevalent,it is generally weak in both layers,suggesting moderate interspecific competition.The overall association in the arbor layer is positive,while that in the shrub layer is negative,implying a more stable coexistence among arbor layer.The overall association and interspecific associations are not significant,with χ^(2) test,and Ochiai index indicating weak interspecific associations and loose interspecific relationships.In summary,the niche and interspecific association characteristics in the karst coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest in Guiyang are influenced by resource availability and niche differentiation,which jointly contribute to the stable coexistence of community species.Therefore,during the restoration and reconstruction of karst coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests,species selection should consider niche and interspecific association features to advance regional greening projects and safeguard species diversity.

关 键 词：生态位 种间联结 针阔混交林 喀斯特 贵阳市 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]