基于MaxEnt模型的陕北林区黄喉貂潜在适宜生境评估  

Evaluation of potential suitable habitat for Martes flavigula in northern Shaanxi forest region based on MaxEnt model

作　　者：赵玥 朱晓雅 李卫强 韩兴华 杨小妹 王震 徐世才[1,2] 朱梦炎 ZHAO Yue;ZHU Xiaoya;LI Weiqiang;HAN Xinghua;YANG Xiaomei;WANG Zhen;XU Shicai;ZHU Mengyan(School of Life Sciences,Yan’an University;Key Laboratory of Applied Ecology of Loess Plateau,Shaanxi Province,Yan’an University;Yan’an Laoshan State-Owned Forest Administration;Shaanxi Yan’an Huanglong Mountain Brown Eared Pheasant National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Yan’an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院 [2]黄土高原应用生态陕西省高等学校重点实验室 [3]延安市劳山国有林管理局 [4]陕西延安黄龙山褐马鸡国家级自然保护区管理局,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《延安大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期28-35,共8页Journal of Yan'an University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(32400404);延安市科技计划项目(2023-SFGG-120)。

摘　　要：黄喉貂(Martes flavigula)是分布于陕北区域森林生态系统中的中型食肉动物,它的生存和繁衍可以反映这一地区生态系统的健康状况。为了解陕北林区黄喉貂适宜生境的空间分布及生境需求,2020年至2023年,以陕北林区为研究区域,结合自动相机监测的黄喉貂分布点数据及提取环境变量数据,建立物种分布模型,对陕北林区黄喉貂潜在适宜栖息地的空间分布进行预测,并分析影响黄喉貂分布的主要影响因素。结果表明,模型精度进行交叉验证发现,ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.96,真实技巧统计TSS为0.91,模型拟合优秀,结果可靠;研究发现森林面积和最冷季度的降水量是影响黄喉貂分布的主要环境因素;陕北拥有黄喉貂低潜在适生区面积为24265 km^(2),中潜在适生区面积为14088 km^(2),以及高潜在适生区面积为3325 km^(2),核心分布区主要集中在黄龙山林区,而西部劳山林区栖息地破碎化较严重。本研究首次明确了陕北地区黄喉貂的分布情况和主要影响因子,为野生动物进一步的管护工作提供理论依据。Northern Shaanxi province is located in the core region of the Loess Plateau,which is the core area for high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.The Martes flavigula is a mesocarnivore widely distributed in this region,and its survival and reproduction can reflect the health of the ecosystem.In order to understand the spatial distribution of suitable habitats and habitat requirements of the Martes flavigula in the forested area of northern Shaanxi province,and to provide a scientific basis for its habitat management and protection,we will take the forested area of northern Shaanxi province as the study area from 2020 to 2023,and combine the data of distribution points of Martes flavigula monitored by Camera trapping and data of environmental variables,and model the spatial distribution of potentially suitable habitats for the Martes flavigula in the forested area of northern Shaanxi province after optimizing the MaxEnt model by using R language.We predicted the spatial distribution of potential suitable habitat for Martes flavigula in the forest area of northern Shaanxi province,and analysed the main influencing factors affecting the distribution of the marten.The results showed that cross-validation of the model results showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.96,and the true skill statistic was 0.91,so the model fitting results were reliable;The study found that the forest area and the precipitation in the coldest season were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of the Martes flavigula;Northern Shaanxi has a low potential habitat area of the Martes flavigula with an area of 24265 km^(2),a medium habitat area of 14088 km^(2),and 3325 km^(2) of high potential habitat,mainly concentrated in the Huanglongshan forest area,while the habitat in the western Laoshan forest area is seriously fragmented.This study is the first to clarify the distribution of the Martes flavigula and the main influence factors in northern Shaanxi,which will provide a theoretical basis for further wildlif

关 键 词：黄喉貂 最大熵模型 环境因子 适宜栖息地 

分 类 号：Q958.12[生物学—动物学]