施加鸡粪水热炭液氮肥后土壤有机质、菌群和种子发芽指数的动态变化  

Dynamic changes of soil organic matter,microbial community and seed germination index after application of hydrothermal carbon liquid nitrogen fertilizer in chicken manure

作　　者：黄华[1] 刘小艳 单显莹 郭堤 牛志睿[1] HUANG Hua;LIU Xiaoyan;SHAN Xianying;GUO Di;NIU Zhirui(School of Petroleum and Environmental Engineering,Yan’an University,Yan’an Key Laboratory of Agricultural Solid Waste Resource Utilization,Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources,Yan’an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学石油工程与环境工程学院,延安市农业固体废弃物资源化利用重点实验室,陕西省区域生物资源保育与利用工程技术研究中心,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《延安大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期36-45,共10页Journal of Yan'an University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022NY-058);延安市科技计划项目(2022SLZDCY-011,2023SLZDCY-188)。

摘　　要：畜禽粪便水热炭液是一种新兴的水溶性有机肥。然而,炭液含有抑制种子萌发的毒性物质,尚不清楚土壤细菌能否快速降解炭液毒性物质,避免再次耕种时的种子发芽抑制。本实验研究了施加鸡粪炭液后土壤水溶性有机碳(DOC)、细菌群落和水浸液后莴苣种子发芽指数(GI)在5~90 d的动态变化。结果表明,炭液迅速降低了土壤菌群多样性,增强了菌群碳水化合物、脂和多糖代谢活动。在5~30 d,低分子量DOC降解,菌群多样性和代谢功能恢复;高分子量DOC相对增高,GI达到最低值59.62%。在30~90 d,高分子量DOC降解,GI提高至92.09%。本研究发现炭液抑制种子发芽组分会逐渐被土壤细菌降解,证实了炭液肥料化利用的安全性。Hydrothermal aqueous phase(HAP)from livestock manure is a type of water-soluble organic fertilizer that can partially replace chemical fertilizers.However,HAP contains toxic substances that inhibit seed germination,and it is unclear whether soil bacteria can quickly degrade the toxic substances in the HAP to reduce the inhibition on seed germination.The dynamic changes of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC),bacterial communities,and lettuce seed germination index(GI)after the application of chicken manure hydrochar solution over a period of 5~90 days were studied.The results showed that the addition HAP rapidly reduced the diversity of soil bacterial communities and enhanced their metabolic activities related to carbohydrates,lipids,and polysaccharides.From 5 to 30 days,low molecular weight DOC degraded,and bacterial diversity and metabolic functions recovered;High molecular weight DOC relatively increased,and GI reached its lowest value of 59.62%.At 30~90 days,high molecular weight DOC degraded and GI increased to 92.09%.In this study,it was found that the seed germination inhibiton group of carbon liquid was gradually degraded by soil bacteria,which confirmed the safety of fertilizer utilization of carbon liquid.

关 键 词：畜禽粪便 水热炭液 氮肥 有机质 细菌群落 种子发芽指数 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]