山东省化学合成类制药VOCs排放特征及影响  

Emission Characteristics and Environmental Impact of VOCs from Chemically Synthesized Pharmaceuticals in Shandong Province

作　　者：王琛[1] 杨佳莹 王宝琳 王新娟 肖洋 孙雷 刘振国 孙钰淳 WANG Chen;YANG Jia-ying;WANG Bao-lin;WANG Xin-juan;XIAO Yang;SUN Lei;LIU Zhen-guo;SUN Yu-chun(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China;Zibo Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center of Shandong Province,Zibo 255000,China;Zibo Ecological Environment Quality Control Service Center,Zibo 255043,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)环境科学与工程学院,济南250353 [2]山东省淄博生态环境监测中心,淄博255000 [3]淄博市生态环境质量控制服务中心,淄博255043

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第12期7012-7020,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42105104);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF109043);齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)科研项目(2023RCKY107,2023PY041)。

摘　　要：选取山东地区三家典型化学合成制药企业为研究对象,对其不同排放工艺中的61种挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行监测,建立各企业的VOCs源成分谱,评估VOCs对臭氧生成潜势的影响,并利用实测法估算企业排放量,构建本地化合成制药企业VOCs排放因子.结果表明,三家制药企业的有组织排放的ρ(TVOCs)平均值变化范围为6055.46~10700.10μg·m^(-3),无组织排放的ρ(TVOCs)平均值变化范围为3665.65~6616.03μg·m^(-3).卤代烃是有组织排放的主要组分,质量分数高达45.23%~56.12%,OVOCs是无组织排放的主要组分,质量分数高达61.06%~83.52%;制药企业排放的VOCs关键物种有:甲醇、乙醇、2-丙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、氯甲烷和四氯化碳等,且不同VOCs物种组分经处理设施的去除效率存在明显差异,卤代烃类的物质在RTO中的处理效率最低,企业2的卤代烃物种处理效率只有15%;含氧VOCs和芳香烃类化合物应为臭氧生成的关键物种,其中乙醇、丙醛、2-丙醇、丙酮、正丁醇、甲苯和乙酸乙酯的臭氧生成潜势较为显著;三家企业的VOCs年排放量范围为1.16~3.66 t·a^(-1),61种VOCs排放因子共计1450~2830 g·t^(-1),企业1的OVOCs排放因子最高,共计1132.3 g·t^(-1).Three typical chemical synthesis pharmaceutical enterprises in Shandong Province were selected as the research object,61 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in different emission processes were monitored,the VOCs source profile of each enterprise was established,the impact of VOCs on ozone formation potential was evaluated,and the VOCs emission factor of localized synthetic pharmaceutical enterprises was constructed.The results showed that:The averageρ(TVOCs)of the organized emissions of the three pharmaceutical enterprises varied from 6055.46 to 10700.10µg·m^(-3) and the averageρ(TVOCs)of the unorganized emissions varied from 3665.65 to 6616.03µg·m^(-3).Halogenated hydrocarbons were the major component of the organized emissions,with mass fractions as high as 45.23%to 56.12%and OVOCs were the primary components of the unorganized emissions,with mass fractions as high as 61.06%-83.52%.The major VOCs emission species were methanol,ethanol,2-propanol,acetone,ethyl acetate,butyl acetate,chloromethane,carbon tetrachloride,etc.Significant differences were observed in the removal efficiency of different VOCs species by removal facilities and the treatment efficiency of halogenated hydrocarbons in RTO was the lowest.The treatment efficiency of halogenated hydrocarbon species in enterprise 2 was only 15%.According to the results of the secondary formation potential of species,OVOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons should be the key species of ozone generation,among which ethanol,propanal,2-propanol,acetone,n-butanol,toluene,and ethyl acetate had significant effects.The annual emission of enterprises was 1.16-3.66 t·a^(-1) and the emission factor was 1450-2830 g·t^(-1).Enterprise 1 had the highest OVOCs emission factor,with a total of 1132.3 g·t^(-1).

关 键 词：挥发性有机物(VOCs) 化学合成类制药 排放特征 臭氧生成潜势 排放因子 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]