滹沱河流域地表水中荧光增白剂的污染特征及生态风险  

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risks of Fluorescent Whitening Agents in Surface Water of Hutuo River Basin

作　　者：郭睿瑶 梁潇戈 苏梦飞 孙瑞雪 姚波 崔建升[1] GUO Rui-yao;LIANG Xiao-ge;SU Meng-fei;SUN Rui-xue;YAO Bo;CUI Jian-sheng(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,石家庄050018

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第12期7092-7099,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21906040);河北省重点研发计划项目(22373802D);河北省教育厅项目(BJ2020051)。

摘　　要：荧光增白剂(FWAs)是一类具有显著增白效果的化学添加剂,广泛应用于洗涤剂、造纸、纺织品、塑料和涂料的生产.FWAs在我国的生产和使用历史已有60多年,而这类物质在环境水体中的赋存特征仍不明确,因此基于固相萃取-高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)建立了一种痕量测定地表水中11种非离子型FWAs的方法,并探究了滹沱河流域石家庄段地表水中11种非离子型FWAs的赋存特征和生态风险.发现11种FWAs在0.10~50.00 ng·L^(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R^(2))>0.99;方法检出限(LODs)为0.008~1.00 ng·L^(-1),定量限(LOQs)为0.01~5.00 ng·L^(-1);回收率为55.1%~105.0%,日内和日间相对标准偏差(RSDs)分别为1.3%~16.1%和1.5%~16.8%,方法的回收率和精密度均较好.滹沱河水体中FWAs的浓度均处于ng·L^(-1)水平,总浓度高达182.25 ng·L^(-1);FWAs浓度呈现出水源地保护区>开发利用区>保留区>缓冲区的空间分布规律,采样点7A的FWAs浓度最高(35.92 ng·L^(-1));FWA199和OB-2处于中高风险水平,所有点位RQsum>1,表明各采样点FWAs对水生生物具有潜在的生态风险.Fluorescent whitening agents(FWAs)are chemical additives that exhibit remarkable whitening effects and have been widely used in the production of detergents,paper,textiles,plastics,and coatings.The production and use of FWAs spans more than 60 years in China;however,the occurrence characteristics of FWAs in environmental water remain unknown.Therefore,a solid phase extraction-ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)method for the trace determination of 11 non-ionic FWAs in surface water was developed.On this basis,the occurrence characteristics and potential ecological risks of these 11 non-ionic FWAs in the Shijiazhuang section of Hutuo River Basin were revealed.The results demonstrated good linear relationships between concentrations ranging from 0.10 ng·L^(-1)to 50.00 ng·L^(-1),with correlation coefficients(R^(2))exceeding 0.99 for all 11 FWAs tested.The limits of detection(LODs)ranged from 0.008 ng·L^(-1)to 1.00 ng·L^(-1),while the limits of quantification(LOQs)ranged from 0.01 ng·L^(-1)to 5.00 ng·L^(-1).The recoveries were within the range of 55.1%-105.0%,with intra-day relative standard deviations(RSDs)and inter-day RSDs ranging from 1.3%-16.1%and from 1.5%-16.8%,respectively.The concentrations were observed to be at ng·L^(-1)levels in Hutuo River,with total FWA concentrations reaching up to 182.25 ng·L^(-1).The concentration of FWAs showed the spatial distribution pattern of water source protection zone>exploitation and utilization zone>reservation zone>buffer zone;especially in 7A,the highest FWAs concentrations were at 35.92 ng·L^(-1).FWA199 and OB-2 were classified as medium-to-high risk level substances based on their ecological risk quotient values(RQs),and RQsum>l were obtained from all samples indicating potential risks posed by these FWAs at each sampling site.

关 键 词：荧光增白剂(FWAs) 地表水 固相萃取-高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱 空间分布特征 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4