基于源导向的锰矿尾矿库周边土壤重金属风险评估  

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil Surrounding Manganese Tailings Pond Based on Source-oriented Analysis

作　　者：马杰 王胜蓝 秦启荧 文川勇 李名升[2] 封雪 MA Jie;WANG Sheng-lan;QIN Qi-ying;WEN Chuan-yong;LI Ming-sheng;FENG Xue(Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Chongqing 401147,China;China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市生态环境监测中心,重庆401147 [2]中国环境监测总站,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第12期7166-7176,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077001);重庆市科学技术局绩效激励引导专项(cstc2022jxj120005)。

摘　　要：以重庆市锰矿尾矿库周边土壤为研究对象,运用正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型对土壤重金属开展源解析,结合潜在生态风险指数法和健康风险评估模型,定量探讨不同污染源影响下的土壤潜在生态风险和健康风险,并确定优先管控要素.结果表明:研究区土壤除Cr外,Mn、Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Zn和Ni含量均值均高于背景值.PMF模型源解析结果表明,研究区土壤受矿业源、自然源、农业源和工业源影响,贡献率分别为23.9%、30.2%、18.8%和27.1%.潜在生态风险评估结果表明,研究区土壤以“强”生态风险为主,占比为77.8%.健康风险模型评估结果表明,研究区土壤重金属对儿童和成人存在人体可接受的致癌风险,非致癌风险可忽略.污染因子、污染源、健康风险和潜在生态风险综合分析表明,农业源为研究区土壤首要管控源,Cd为首要管控因子;矿业源和工业源为研究区土壤次要管控源,Mn和As为次要管控因子.To analyze the source apportionment,potential ecological risk,and health risk of heavy metals in soils surrounding a manganese tailings pond in Chongqing,a positive matrix factorization(PMF)model,potential ecological risk index,and health risk assessment model were used.Further,all three models were combined to explore the risks of heavy metals in soils by different pollution sources to determine the priority control factors.The results showed that except for the Cr concentration,the average values of Mn,Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Zn,and Ni concentration were higher than their corresponding background values.Using the PMF model analysis,mining,natural,agricultural,and industrial sources were identified as the determinants for the accumulation of heavy metals in soils,with contribution rates of 23.9%,30.2%,18.8%,and 27.1%,respectively.Using potential ecological risk index analysis,the ecological risk was predominantly categorized as"strong"risk,with the rate of 77.8%.The health risk assessment model analysis revealed that,the carcinogenic risks of adults and children were tolerable,whereas the non-carcinogenic risks were acceptable.According to the analysis results of the relationship among heavy metals,pollution sources,potential ecological risk,and health risks showed that agricultural sources were identified as the priority control sources,with Cd as the primary control factor.Mining sources and industrial sources were identified as secondary control sources,with Mn and As as the secondary control factors.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 PMF模型 健康风险评估 潜在生态风险 锰(Mn) 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]