论雍正时期绿营公费名粮的规范化  

On Budget Standardization of the Green Standard Army in the Reign of Yongzheng

作　　者：屈嘉文 Qu Jiawen

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《军事历史》2024年第4期50-60,M0003,M0004,共13页Military History

摘　　要：绿营作为清廷主要的军事力量,营中却长期没有用以公务的经费。为满足这部分支出,各地大多预留部分兵丁空额作为营中公用的补充,造成营中实额缺少及将领贪腐的弊端。面对这一问题,清廷不断加强对营中空额数量的控制,至雍正朝最终完成了公费名粮的规范化。这一举措减少了营中将领的贪墨,缓解了营中公费匮乏等问题。然而,在“原额主义”限制下,绿营并无专门公用经费的拨给,难以维持营伍的正常运转与兵丁武备的维护,这也是导致绿营最终走向衰落的原因之一。During the Qing Dynasty,the Green Standard Army had had no budget to run the office for a long time.To cover the expenditure,the vacancies of soldiers were always reserved to embezzle the payment,resulting in personnel shortage and corrupted commanders.To deal with this problem,the Qing court continued to strengthen its control over the vacancies,and finally standardized the budget in the reign of Yongzheng.The regular budget reduced the corruption and alleviated the shortage of funds.However,in the system of the"fixed taxes",the Green Standard Army had no appropriated funds to maintain the normal operation of the camp and the maintenance of equipment.

关 键 词：雍正朝 绿营 公费名粮 规范化 

分 类 号：E291[军事—军事理论] K249.2[历史地理—历史学] F812.9[历史地理—中国史]