中国海油陆上致密砂岩气勘探研究进展及关键技术  

Research progress and key technologies for exploration of onshore tight

作　　者：祝彦贺 赵志刚 路媛媛 刘畅 马晓强 张璐 张道旻 于姗姗 李祺鑫 ZHU Yanhe;ZHAO Zhigang;LU Yuanyuan;LIU Chang;MA Xiaoqiang;ZHANG Lu;ZHANG Daomin;YU Shanshan;LI Qixin(CNOOC Research Institute Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院有限责任公司,北京100028

出　　处：《中国海上油气》2024年第6期13-25,共13页China Offshore Oil and Gas

基　　金：中国海洋石油有限公司“十四五”重大科技项目“陆上非常规天然气勘探开发关键技术(编号:KJGG-2022-1001)”部分研究成果。

摘　　要：2012年,中国海油登陆获得矿权,开始鄂尔多斯盆地东缘致密砂岩气勘探开发。先后经历局部突破阶段、快速增储阶段和稳步增储阶段,探明地质储量超2800×10^(8)m^(3),年产气量超过27×10^(8)m^(3),为建设中国海油陆上万亿大气区做出卓越贡献。经过10余年的理论探索和技术创新,形成了盆缘致密砂岩气“选择性-非连续”成藏富集新认识,建立了三级选区技术、有效储层预测技术和地质甜点刻画技术,指出了未来增储领域和技术攻关方向。研究认为:①受控于有效储层非均质性和生烃强度不同,平缓带自南向北天然气向煤系烃源岩聚敛式富集,纵向具有“选择性-非连续”成藏规律,南部中—高生烃强度区多层系发育气层,北部低生烃强度区气层少且集中在煤系烃源岩内;②紫金山隆起带和断阶带构造活动强,断层组合样式多,中—高生烃强度区局部发育构造-岩性气藏,低生烃强度区只发育水层;③基于成藏主控要素,建立了“烃源控潜、断砂定层、优储富集”的三级选区技术;④针对不同有利沉积微相的岩性组合,形成了有效储层及气层预测技术,结合天然气充注机理,建立了精准预测-钻井学习-逐级迭代的地质甜点多级刻画技术。以上认识和技术的广泛应用,支撑了储量落实和高效井台的建立。今后中—低生烃强度区内构造变形区将以寻找构造-岩性气藏为主,构造稳定区以寻找甜点型岩性气藏为主。优质储层形成和气-水分布规律等认识深化,断裂和含气砂体精细刻画等关键技术,是下一步重点攻关方向。In 2012,CNOOC obtained mining rights and embarked on the exploration and development of tight sandstone gas in the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin.Having undergone the stages of local breakthroughs,rapid reserve growth,and steady reserve growth,CNOOC achieved proven geological reserves exceeding 2800×10^(8)m^(3) and an annual gas production of over 27×10^(8)m^(3),making outstanding contributions to its establishment of onshore trillion cubic meter gas region.Through over a decade of theoretical exploration and technological innovation,a new understanding of the“selective-discontinuous”accumulation and enrichment patterns of tight sandstone gas in the basin margin has emerged.This has led to the establishment of three-level area selection technology,effective reservoir prediction technology,and geological sweet spot characterization technology,while also pointing out future directions for reserve growth and technological breakthroughs.The research indicates that:①Due to the heterogeneity of effective reservoirs and varying hydrocarbon generation intensities,natural gas in the gentle belt converges towards coal-measure source rocks from south to north,exhibiting a“selective-discontinuous”accumulation pattern vertically.In the areas with medium-to-high hydrocarbon generation intensity in the south,gas layers develop in multiple strata,while in the areas with low hydrocarbon generation intensity in the north,gas layers are scarce and concentrated within coal-measure source rocks.②The Zijinshan uplift belt and fault terrace zone experience intense tectonic activity with diverse fault patterns.Locally developed structural-lithologic gas reservoirs can be found in areas with medium-to-high hydrocarbon generation intensity,while only water layers develop in areas with low hydrocarbon generation intensity.③Based on the primary controlling factors of accumulation,a three-level area selection technology has been established focusing on“source-controlled potential,fault-sandstone-determined layers,and enr

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯盆地东缘 致密砂岩气 勘探历程 成藏理论 勘探技术 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]