黄淮南片育成小麦品种(系)的穗发芽抗性研究  

Identification of pre-harvest sprouting resistance of wheat cultivars in the Huanghuai southern region of winter wheat

作　　者：张玉娥 王岩 胡卫国[1] 杨剑 王西成[1] 曹廷杰[1] ZHANG Yu’e;WANG Yan;HU Weiguo;YANG Jian;WANG Xicheng;CAO Tingjie(Wheat Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2024年第6期1-7,18,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：河南省重点研发专项(221111112400);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC004);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC005)。

摘　　要：为研究黄淮南片麦区新育成小麦品种的抗穗发芽现状,将参加国家黄淮南片小麦区试的593份小麦新品种(系)作为供试材料,采用种子发芽指数法和整穗发芽法进行穗发芽抗性评价。结果表明:不同供试材料的抗穗发芽能力存在差异,以感型和高感型为主,但抗性品种占比呈逐年增加趋势,由5.4%增长至19.4%。鉴定出中抗整穗发芽和籽粒发芽的小麦品种有‘徐麦0054’和‘淮麦4046’;抗整穗发芽品种5个,包括‘机麦212’、‘西农733’、‘西农633’、‘保丰1530’和‘济麦44’;‘西农528’、‘龙科1221’等39个品种为中抗整穗发芽;16个品种大田穗发芽率较低。研究结果可为黄淮南片小麦抗穗发芽育种提供种质资源和理论依据。To understand the distribution of pre-harvest sprouting in new bread wheat cultivars from the Huanghuai southern region,this study used a total of 593 newly cultivated wheat varieties as test materials.The seed germination index method and spike germination were employed to evaluate the resistance of these cultivars to pre-harvest sprouting.The experiment demonstrated variation in resistance to pre-harvest sprouting among the tested materials.Susceptible and highly susceptible types were predominant,while the proportion of resistant varieties had been increasing year by year from 5.4%to 19.4%.Selected cultivars,such as‘Xumai 0054’and‘Huaimai 4046’,exhibited moderate resistance to both spike and seed germination.Five cultivars showed resistance spike germination,including‘Jimai 212’,‘Xinong 733’,‘Xinong 633’,‘Baofeng 1530’and‘Jimai 44’,39 cultivars exhibited moderate resistance,such as‘Xinong 528’and‘Longke 1221’,and 16 cultivars had low field-intact spike germination rates.These results provide valuable germplasms resources for breeding new cultivars resistant to spike germination.

关 键 词：冬小麦 穗发芽抗性 黄淮南片 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]