动物肾脏超声在肾活检穿刺教学中的应用  

The Application of Ultrasound of Animal Kidneys in Teaching Renal Biopsy Puncture

作　　者：简永红 刘红燕[1] JIAN Yonghong;LIU Hongyan(Department of Nephrology,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430060,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院肾内科,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《继续医学教育》2024年第11期159-162,共4页Continuing Medical Education

摘　　要：临床实习、住院医师规范化培训和进修是医学生、规培生以及进修医生接触临床、了解临床以及提高诊疗水平的重要途径。随着各级医院肾病内科逐渐独立开展肾活检穿刺技术,掌握局麻超声引导下经皮肾穿刺技术已经成为肾内科医生必备技能。然而,各级学员较少有机会对患者进行操作,这也是制约临床教学效果的重要因素。探索新的肾脏超声定位和经皮肾穿刺技术的教学培训方案,提高学员肾穿刺技能,有利于低年资医生诊疗水平的提高。实验动物具有和人体解剖结构相近、直观、可重复操作等优点。相较于大型动物,兔子具有饲养方便、价格低廉、方便操作等优势。因此,将兔子作为学员培训的示范及操作对象,可有效提高学员对超声定位及肾活检操作的实际动手能力,为掌握肾穿刺技能打下良好的基础。Clinical internship,residency standardized training,and further education are important ways for medical students,residents in training,and further education doctor to get in touch with clinical work,understand clinical practice,and improve their diagnostic and treatment capabilities.With nephrology departments in hospitals at all levels gradually carrying out renal biopsy puncture technique independently,mastering the technique of percutaneous renal puncture under local anesthesia guided by ultrasound has become a necessary skill for nephrologists.However,trainees at all levels have few opportunities to perform the operation on patients,which is an important factor restricting the effectiveness of clinical teaching.Exploring new teaching and training programs for renal ultrasound localization and percutaneous renal puncture techniques and improving the trainees'skills in renal puncture are conducive to enhancing the diagnostic and treatment capabilities of junior doctors.Laboratory animals have the advantages of similar anatomical structures to humans,being intuitive,and allowing for repeated operations.Compared with large animals,rabbits have the advantages of being easy to raise,inexpensive,and convenient to operate.Therefore,using rabbits as demonstration and operation objects for trainee training can effectively improve the trainees'practical hands-on ability in ultrasonic positioning and percutaneous renal puncture,and lay a solid foundation for mastering the skills of renal puncture.

关 键 词：肾病内科 肾脏超声 实验动物 肾穿刺 实习 规培 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]