岩土体介质非达西渗流特性研究进展  

Research progress on non-Darcy seepage characteristics ofsoil and rock masses

作　　者：许增光[1] 李煜婷 曹成 XU Zengguang;LI Yuting;CAO Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi'an University of Technology,710048 Xi'an,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安710048

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2024年第6期1211-1236,共26页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52179143,52209167);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(No.2022TD-01)。

摘　　要：岩土体是常见的天然材料和工程材料,厘清不同环境下的岩土体非达西渗流特性,是评价工程防渗性能和渗透稳定性的基础。岩土体兼具孔隙和裂隙结构,渗流流态可划分为低速非达西渗流、达西渗流和高速非达西渗流,达西定律等线性渗流模型将低估低速非达西渗流流速、高估高速非达西渗流流速。目前,岩土体非达西渗流分析研究手段包括试验法、数值模拟法和数学解析法,主要分析非达西渗流流态及其影响因素,并构建非达西渗流模型。其中空隙几何结构、剪切作用、渗流水压力等因素对岩土体非达西渗流特性影响显著。岩土体内部蜿蜒曲折的空隙结构导致渗流能量损失增大,剪切作用则使岩土体空隙结构处于较为复杂的变化状态,渗流水压力则直接增大水流惯性力,影响渗流流态,上述研究手段和因素分析是目前学者们针对岩土体非达西渗流特性的研究重点。由于试验条件、理论基础和计算机性能的局限性,渗透破坏阶段颗粒群迁移过程、岩土体多场耦合渗流分析、全域可视化渗流试验、大尺度多重介质渗流场计算等方面是未来岩土体非达西渗流分析值得关注的重点。Soil and rock mass are common natural and engineering materials.Clarifying the non-Darcy seepage characteristics of soil and rock mass under different environments is the basis for evaluating the anti-seepage performance and permeability stability of engineering projects.Both soil and rock mass have pore and crack structures;the seepage flow pattern can be classified as low-speed non-Darcy seepage,Darcy seepage and high-speed non-Darcy seepage.Linear models such as Darcy's law will underestimate the flow velocity of low-speed non-Darcy seepage,but will overestimate that of high-speed non-Darcy seepage.Currently,research methods for analyzing non-Darcy seepage in soil and rock mass include experimental methods,numerical simulation methods,and mathematical analytical methods.These mainly analyze the non-Darcy flow state and its influencing factors to construct a non-Darcy flow model.Factors such as void geometry structure,shear effect,and hydraulic pressure significantly affect the non-Darcy seepage characteristics of soil and rock mass.The winding void structure inside soil or rock leads to increased energy loss during infiltration;shear effect causes complex changes in the void structure;hydraulic pressure directly increases water inertia force,affecting the flow state during infiltration.The above research methods along with factor analysis are currently key areas that scholars focus on when studying the non-Darcy seepage characteristics of soil or rock masses.Due to limitations of experimental conditions,theoretical basis and computer performance,the migration process of particle groups in the seepage failure stage,the multi-field coupling seepage analysis of rock and soil mass,the global visual seepage test,and the large-scale multi-media seepage field calculation will be the key aspects of non-Darcy seepage analysis of rock and soil mass in the future.

关 键 词：岩土体 非达西渗流 影响因素 非达西渗流模型 

分 类 号：TV139.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]