不同鞋帮高度篮球鞋对踝关节稳定性及动力学影响的研究  

Research on the influence of basketball shoes with different upper heights on ankle stability and dynamics

作　　者：钟茵菲 温鑫菲 鲁荻 ZHONG Yinfei;WEN Xinfei;LU Di(Sports Department,Donghua University,200010 Shanghai,China;School of Physical Education and Health,Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance,201202 Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学体育部,上海200010 [2]上海立信会计金融学院体育与健康学院,上海201202

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2024年第6期1418-1427,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：上海市体育决策咨询研究项目(No.TY202023);上海市教育科学研究项目(No.A2024008)。

摘　　要：目的探讨不同鞋帮高度篮球鞋对运动员在运动中的踝关节稳定性和动力学特性的影响。方法随机择取18名男性篮球运动员,采用200 Hz的红外动作捕捉系统和1000 Hz的三维测力台对运动员运动过程中踝关节的稳定性及动力学特征数据进行采集,对比分析穿着不同鞋帮高度(低帮、高帮)篮球鞋的篮球运动员在运动时的踝关节角度、踝关节活动幅度、踝关节三维角速度、地面反作用力、踝关节力矩及功率等动力学特征。结果研究发现穿着低帮鞋时的最大背屈、最大跖屈、最大外翻、最大外旋角度均略高于穿着高帮鞋,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);穿着高帮鞋的最大内翻角度高于穿着低帮鞋,差异显著(P<0.05);穿着高帮鞋的最大跖屈角速度比穿着低帮鞋时降低了约61.8°/s,具有显著性差异(P<0.05);穿着高帮鞋时的向内地面反作用力峰值较穿着低帮鞋时略高0.44 N·BW^(-1),具有显著性差异(P<0.05);第一峰值力的最大加载率随鞋帮高度增加而降低(P<0.05);穿着低帮鞋运动时着地时刻的最大伸踝力矩较穿着高帮鞋时增大0.44 N·m/kg,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论在选择篮球鞋时,对于需要高稳定性和保护性的力量型篮球运动员,高帮鞋是更好的选择;而对于追求轻便和灵活性的速度型篮球运动员,低帮鞋更加合适。Objective To explore the effects of basketball shoes with different shoe upper heights on ankle stability and dynamic characteristics of athletes during exercise.Methods Eighteen male basketball players were randomly selected,and data of the stability and dynamic characteristics of their ankle joints during exercise were collected using a 200 Hz infrared motion capture system and a 1000 Hz three-dimensional force platform.Comparative analysis was made on the dynamic characteristics of ankle joint angle,ankle joint range of motion,ankle joint three-dimensional angular velocity,ground reaction force,ankle joint torque,and power of basketball players wearing basketball shoes with different upper heights(low top,high top)during exercise.Results The study found that the maximum dorsiflexion,plantarflexion,eversion,and external rotation angles when wearing low top shoes were slightly higher than those when wearing high top shoes,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The maximum inward angle when wearing high top shoes was significantly higher than when wearing low top shoes(P<0.05).The maximum plantar flexion angular velocity of wearing high top shoes decreased by about 61.8°/s compared to wearing low top shoes,with a significant difference(P<0.05).The peak inward ground reaction force when wearing high top shoes was slightly higher than that when wearing low top shoes by 0.44 N·BW^(-1),with a significant difference(P<0.05).The maximum loading rate of the first peak force decreased with the increasing shoe upper height(P<0.05).The maximum ankle extension torque at the moment of landing when wearing low top shoes was 0.44 N·m/kg higher than when wearing high top shoes,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion When choosing basketball shoes,high top shoes are a better choice for strength basketball players who require high stability and protection,while for speed basketball players who pursue lightness and flexibility,low top shoes are more suitable.

关 键 词：鞋帮高度 篮球运动员 踝关节 稳定性 动力学 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]