好氧颗粒污泥工艺处理高速公路服务区污水中试  

Aerobic Granular Sludge for Treatment of Sewage from Highway Service Areas:A Pilot-scale Study

作　　者：马俊 张亚斌 李志国 宋一帆[2] 夏华国 万俊锋[2,3] MA Jun;ZHANG Ya-bin;LI Zhi-guo;SONG Yi-fan;XIA Hua-guo;WAN Jun-feng(Henan Zhonggong Design&Research Group Co.Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environment and Resources,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省中工设计研究院集团股份有限公司,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [3]河南省环境与资源国际联合实验室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2024年第23期20-28,共9页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：好氧颗粒污泥技术具有占地面积小、能耗与运行成本低等优势,被认为是未来潜在的污水生物处理主流技术之一。针对河南省某高速公路服务区污水氨氮浓度高、碳氮比较低的情况,通过中试进行了好氧颗粒污泥驯化和工艺可行性研究,探讨了不同负荷、温度以及运行模式下工艺的稳定性。在污水处理过程中能够形成稳定的好氧颗粒污泥,污泥浓度(MLSS)高达12337 mg/L,SVI30/SVI5接近于1.0。在冬季低温运行期由于颗粒污泥内部丝状菌的生长,SVI30略有上升,但仍保持在50 mL/g以下;同时,通过优化周期运行时间、减小曝气量等措施,能够实现低温条件下对氨氮和总无机氮的高效稳定去除。微生物多样性分析结果显示,在厌氧/好氧运行模式下,Candidatus_Nitrotoga、Thauera、Rhodobacter等氮去除相关菌群得到富集,并逐渐成为系统优势菌群,从而保证了良好的氮去除性能。此外,Flavobacterium(2.19%),unclassified_o__Saccharimonadales(0.60%~2.44%)等能够大量分泌胞外聚合物的菌属有助于增强颗粒污泥疏水性,从而提高其凝聚性能,促进了颗粒污泥的形成与长期稳定。Aerobic granular sludge(AGS)technology has the advantages of small footprint,low energy consumption and operating costs,and is considered to be one of the potential mainstream technologies for biological sewage treatment in the future.This paper conducted pilot-scale aerobic granular sludge domestication under the conditions of high ammonia nitrogen concentration and low carbon-nitrogen ratio in sewage from a highway service area in Henan Province,and the stability of AGS process under different loads,temperatures and operation mode was explored.The results showed that stable aerobic granular sludge could be formed during the sewage treatment process,with a sludge concentration(MLSS)as high as 12337 mg/L,and SVI30/SVI5 close to 1.0.During the low-temperature operation period in winter,due to the growth of filamentous bacteria inside the granular sludge,SVI30 increased slightly,but remained below 50 mL/g;Meanwhile,by adjusting the running time of the cycle,reducing aeration volume,efficient and stable removal of ammonia nitrogen and total inorganic nitrogen could be achieved under low temperature.Microbial diversity analysis results showed that in the anaerobic/aerobic operation mode,nitrogen-related bacterial groups such as Candidatus_Nitrotoga,Thauera and Rhodobacter were enriched in the system and gradually became dominant bacterial species,thus ensuring good nitrogen removal performance.In addition,bacterial genera such as Flavobacteria(2.19%)and unclassified_o__Saccharimonadales(0.60%-2.44%),which could secrete a large amount of extracellular polymers,helped enhance the hydrophobicity of granular sludge,thereby improving its coagulation performance and promoting the formation and long-term stability of granular sludge.

关 键 词：高速公路服务区污水 好氧颗粒污泥 微生物群落 中试 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]