不耦合系数对割缝爆破效果影响试验研究  

Test study on effects of decoupling coefficient on slot blast effect

作　　者：靳俊晓 赵志强[1] 苏洪[4] 将启鹏 岳文豪 孙智硕 JIN Junxiao;ZHAO Zhiqiang;SU Hong;JIANG Qipeng;YUE Wenhao;SUN Zhishuo(College of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;China Coal Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;China Coal(Ordos)Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017010,China;College of Chemical and Blast Engineering,Anhui University of Science&Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [2]中煤能源研究院有限责任公司,西安710054 [3]中煤(鄂尔多斯市)能源科技有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017010 [4]安徽理工大学化工与爆破学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第23期260-269,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52104074);江汉大学省部共建精细爆破国家重点实验室、江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室联合开放基金资助(PBSKL2023A5)。

摘　　要：为探究炮孔装药不耦合系数对爆破裂纹扩展规律的影响,通过在有机玻璃板(polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)上预制不同炮孔直径,采用数字激光动态焦散线试验系统,进行相关爆炸试验。结果表明:爆炸对于炮孔非割缝方向的损伤效果随着炮孔直径变大逐渐减弱。耦合装药时炮孔周围粉碎区最大,当炮孔直径为12 mm及以上时炮孔周围几乎无粉碎区。从侧面说明直径为10 mm时,在空气层中的冲击波还有一定的强度,可致裂周围板材。随着不耦合系数递增,爆炸冲击波对于炮孔壁的冲击作用减弱,爆生气体膨胀压缩作用逐渐加强。在不耦合系数1.67时这种“削弱-加强”作用对裂纹扩展的促进作用最佳。分形维数的结果和动焦散试验结果相符,主裂纹的扩展长度符合先上升再下降的趋势。研究成果为实际工程中割缝爆破装药参数提供了一定的指导意义。Here,to investigate effects of decoupling coefficient of blast hole charge on propagation law of blast cracks,different blast hole diameters were prefabricated on a polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA),and a digital laser dynamic caustics line experimental system was used to conduct relevant blast tests.The results showed that the damage effect of blast on non-slot direction of blast hole gradually weakens with increase in blast hole diameter,when coupling charges,the maximum crushing zone is around borehole,and when borehole diameter is 12 mm or more,there is almost no crushing zone around borehole,it means during a borehole diameter being 10 mm impact wave in air layer still having a certain strength to make surrounding panels fracturing;with increase in decoupling coefficient,impact action of blast impact wave on borehole wall weakens,and expansion and compression of blast gas gradually strengthens,when the decoupling coefficient is 1.67,this"weakening-strengthening"effect has the best promoting effect on crack propagation,fractal dimension results are consistent with dynamic caustics test results,extension length of main crack has a trend of firstly increase and then decrease;the study results can provide a certain guiding significance for charging parameters of slot blast in practical engineering.

关 键 词：不耦合 割缝 动焦散 裂纹 动态强度因子 分形理论 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]