氧化锌避雷器阀片微观结构和电气特性研究现状  

Research on the status of microstructure and electrical characteristics of ZnO surge arrester valve plates

作　　者：刘飞 赵海玲 赵海强 刘冬季 孙冠岳 LIU Fei;ZHAO Hailing;ZHAO Haiqiang;LIU Dongji;SUN Guanyue(Ningdong Power Supply Company,State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Lingwu Ningxia 751400,China;College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering,Dezhou University,Dezhou Shandong 253023,China)

机构地区：[1]国网宁夏电力有限公司宁东供电公司,宁夏灵武751400 [2]德州学院能源与机械学院,山东德州253023

出　　处：《宁夏电力》2024年第6期52-60,共9页Ningxia Electric Power

摘　　要：综述了氧化锌避雷器的微观结构和电气特性发展现状。氧化锌阀片具有其优越的非线性伏安特性和能量吸收能力,是电力系统金属氧化物避雷器的核心元器件,因而,金属氧化物避雷器的过电压防护水平取决于氧化锌阀片电气特性的优劣。其防护水平直接决定了电网一次设备的绝缘水平和制造成本。随着我国电网的快速发展,氧化锌避雷器朝着直流化、特高压、罐式高性能小型化的方向发展,而内部阀片朝着高梯度、高非线性、大通流容量、低残压、低漏流及交直流一体化的方向发展。分析了阀片制造配方及制造工艺对其阀片自身电气性能的影响,总结了对进一步提高氧化锌阀片电气特性的研究方法。This article reviews the current status of microstructure and electrical characteristics of zinc oxide surge arresters.Zinc oxide valve plates have superior non-linear voltage-current characteristics and energy absorption capabilities,making them the core components of metal oxide surge arresters in power systems.Consequently,the overvoltage protection level of metal oxide surge arresters depends on the quality of the electrical characteristics of zinc oxide valve plates,which directly determines the insulation level and manufacturing costs of the power grid equipment.With the rapid development of China’s power grid,zinc oxide surge arresters are evolving towards direct current(DC),extra high voltage,and miniaturized tank high-performance designs.Internally,valve plates are developing towards high gradient,high nonlinearity,large current capacity,low residual voltage,low leakage,and integrated AC/DC capabilities.This article analyzes the impact of the manufacturing formula and process on the electrical performance of the valve plates and summarizes research methods for further improving the electrical characteristics of the zinc oxide valve plates.

关 键 词：避雷器 氧化锌阀片 电气特性 微观结构 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]