长期有机无机配施对土壤团聚体及有机碳的影响  

Effects of long-term combined organic-inorganic fertilizer application on soil aggregates and organic carbon

作　　者：罗贞宝 李志宏[2] 朱经伟 李彩斌 张恒 赵二卫 戴杰 范龙 王新修 LUO Zhen-bao;LI Zhi-hong;ZHU Jing-wei;LI Cai-bin;ZHANG Heng;ZHAO Er-wei;DAI Jie;FAN Long;WANG Xin-xiu(Guizhou Tobacco Company Bijie Company,Bijie Guizhou 551700;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Agricultural Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;Guizhou Tobacco Research Institute,Guiyang Guizhou 550081)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第10期1-8,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：企业项目(毕节烟叶质量与生态监测体系构建);中国烟草总公司科技项目(110202102037);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2021XM17)。

摘　　要：为探究长期有机无机配施对土壤团聚体稳定性及其有机碳含量的影响。以连续14年定位施肥田间试验为依托,设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、化肥+厩肥(OF)和化肥+生物有机肥(BF)4个处理,研究不同施肥处理对土壤团聚体稳定性及其有机碳含量的影响。结果显示,(1)施肥(CF、OF、BF)提升了>2、1~2和<0.053 mm粒级的占比,有机无机配施(OF和BF)进一步提高了大粒级团聚体(>0.25 mm)的占比,促进了微团聚体向大团聚体的转化;(2)有机无机配施(OF和BF)改善了土壤团聚体的结构,土壤水稳性团聚体大团聚体含量(>0.25 mm)、平均重量直径和几何平均直径等稳定性指标,生物有机肥(BF)处理最佳。(3)所有处理中大团聚体(>0.25 mm)的有机碳贡献率超过62.0%,其中有机无机配施处理有机碳的贡献率超过65.9%,大团聚体是有机碳主要储存粒级,0.5~1和0.053~0.25 mm为土壤有机碳重要的影响粒径;(4)长期有机无机配施(OF和BF)可增加土壤总有机碳的含量,生物有机肥更有利于提高土壤有机碳的含量。(5)厩肥(OF)和生物有机肥(BF)处理有机碳贡献率变异度与不施肥(CK)相比分别降低了43.6%和45.7%,有机碳在土壤各粒级中分布更协调,增强了团聚体的稳定性。以上结果表明,有机无机配施有利于微团聚体向大团聚体转化,增加土壤大团聚体比例,不同粒级团聚体有机碳养分贡献度相对均衡,配施生物有机肥效果更为明显,可为长期施肥管理提供依据。To investigate the impact of long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil aggregate stability and organic carbon content,a 14-year field experiment was conducted with four treatments:no fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer only(CF),chemical fertilizer plus farmyard manure(OF),and chemical fertilizer plus bio-organic fertilizer(BF).The study examined the effects of different fertilization practices on soil aggregate stability and organic carbon content.The results showed that:(1)Fertilization(CF&OF&BF)increased the proportion of>2,1-2,and<0.053 mm size fractions,and the combined organic-inorganic fertilization(OF&BF)further enhanced the proportion of larger aggregates(>0.25 mm),promoted the transformation of micro-aggregates into macro-aggregates.(2)Combined organic-inorganic fertilization(OF&BF)improved the structure of soil aggregates,stability indexes of water-stable macroaggregates such as large aggregate content(>0.25 mm)and stability indicators such as mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter,with the best performance observed in the bio-organic fertilizer(BF)treatment.(3)Among all treatments,the contribution rate of organic carbon from macro-aggregates(>0.25 mm)exceeded 62.0%,with the combined organicinorganic fertilization showing a contribution rate of over 65.9%.Macro-aggregates were the primary storage size class for organic carbon,with 0.5-1 and 0.053-0.25 mm being important size ranges affecting soil organic carbon.(4)Long-term combined organic-inorganic fertilization(OF and BF)increased the total soil organic carbon content,with bio-organic fertilizer being more beneficial for enhancing soil organic carbon levels.(5)Compared to no fertilizer(CK),the variability in the contribution rate of organic carbon from farmyard manure(OF)and bio-organic fertilizer(BF)decreased by 43.6%and 45.7%,respectively.The distribution of organic carbon in each particle size fraction of the soil was more coordinted,and the stability of aggregate was enhanced.The above results indicated

关 键 词：有机无机配施 烤烟 长期施肥 有机碳 团聚体 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学] S153.6[农业科学—农业基础科学]