露天矿山边坡安全监测技术的应用  

The application of slope safety monitoring technology in open-pit mines

作　　者：陆万杰 杨进 董英平 孟航晔 LU Wan-jie;YANG Jin;DONG Ying-ping;MENG Hang-ye(QingHai HuangHe Mining Co.,Ltd.,Xining,810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海黄河矿业有限责任公司,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《世界有色金属》2024年第20期113-116,共4页World Nonferrous Metals

摘　　要：露天矿山地质复杂,裂隙、节理和岩层多变,增加了滑坡风险。采矿作业破坏地质结构,降低边坡稳定性,可能导致滑坡,造成人员伤亡、设备损坏,影响生产,甚至危及环境。因此,边坡滑坡监测对矿山安全至关重要。定期监测能及时发现边坡变形、位移等异常,为预防和应对提供数据支持,降低滑坡风险。我国滑坡监测技术正从单体向区域、从群测群防向专业自动化、从地面监测向天-空-地多源立体监测过渡,包括天基、空基和地基监测。本文归纳总结露天矿山边坡监测特点,分析滑坡变形监测技术类型、特点、原理及应用,以夏日哈木镍钴矿为例,介绍其监测技术方法,总结方案特点,为矿山边坡安全监测提供借鉴。Open-pit mines have complex geology with fissures,joints,and rock variations,increasing landslide risks.Mining disrupts structures,reducing slope stability and potentially causing casualties,damage,and environmental harm.Therefore,slope monitoring is crucial for safety and disaster prevention.Regular checks detect deformations and displacements,guiding preventive measures.China's technology is evolving from individual to regional,community-based to professional,and ground-only to space-air-ground monitoring.This article summarizes slope monitoring characteristics,analyzes techniques,and showcases the Xiarihamu Nickel-Cobalt Mine's application,providing future guidance.

关 键 词：露天矿山 滑坡变形 监测方法 地基合成孔径干涉雷达 

分 类 号：TD804[矿业工程—矿山开采]