微塑料的生物示踪和生物成像技术研究进展  

Advancements in bio-tracking and bio-imaging technologies for microplastics

作　　者：马翠竹 赵雯君 陈昱霏 施华宏[1] MA Cuizhu;ZHAO Wenjun;CHEN Yufei;SHI Huahong(State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期14-23,共10页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFE0121500)。

摘　　要：综述了微塑料生物示踪和成像技术的研究进展.目前,多种示踪技术已被应用于微塑料的生物分布研究中.常用的标记方法包括荧光标记、金属标记、同位素标记等.其中,荧光示踪技术因其高灵敏度和易操作性而应用最为广泛.基于微塑料本身的光谱特性,研究者还开发了多种先进成像技术,如高光谱成像、表面增强拉曼成像和偏振光成像等.这些技术能够实现微塑料的高灵敏度检测和定量分析.此外,组织透明化技术与高分辨率成像的结合使得微塑料在生物体内的三维可视化成像成为可能.这种方法能够更全面地揭示微塑料在生物体内的空间分布情况,为深入研究微塑料的生物学效应提供了新的视角.未来,多种示踪技术和成像方法与三维处理分析软件的结合将有助于更精细地探究微塑料在生物个体及其器官内的原位分布.这种综合分析方法有望为微塑料的环境风险评估和管理提供更全面的科学依据.This article reviews the advancements in bio-tracking and imaging techniques for microplastics(MPs).Currently,fluorescent labeling,metal labeling,and isotope labeling are commonly employed,with fluorescent tracers being the most widely used method.Hyperspectral imaging,surface-enhanced Raman imaging,and polarized light imaging are also used due to the spectral characteristics of plastics.Combined with high-resolution imaging technology,tissue clearing made it possible to visualize three-dimensional(3D)imaging,providing a new perspective for in-depth research on the biological effects of MPs.Using various tracking technologies and imaging methods combined with 3D processing and analysis software will elucidate the distribution of microplastics in different organs and even individual organisms in the future.This comprehensive analysis method is expected to provide a stronger scientific foundation for the environmental risk assessment and management of MPs.

关 键 词：微塑料 示踪技术 成像技术 生物标记 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]