塑料入河过程紫外吸收剂的释放和风险研究  

Release and risk of UV absorbers from plastics entering rivers

作　　者：张卓澜 陈启晴 陈羽靥 严笑芸 杨颜 施华宏[1] ZHANG Zhuolan;CHEN Qiqing;CHEN Yuye;YAN Xiaoyun;YANG Yan;SHI Huahong(State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学上海有机固废生物转化工程技术研究中心,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期188-199,共12页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3105900);国家自然科学基金(42342057)。

摘　　要：河流是塑料向海洋运输的主要通道.为了解塑料污染的来源、迁移和归宿,对塑料入河通量进行了归纳分析和计算优化.此外,塑料上往往负载许多非键合助剂,其中紫外吸收剂的使用日益广泛,但关于其从塑料上沥滤释放及潜在的生物效应等方面尚缺少定量分析.因此,本文综合改进了塑料入河通量的计算方法,并提出了紫外吸收剂经河流的传输通量公式.计算结果表明,入河总塑料(微塑料与宏塑料之和)质量通量排名最高的是欧洲的莱茵河,第二是印度的恒河.常见的5类紫外吸收剂中,苯并三唑类紫外吸收剂(213.40 kg/a)和二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂(192.95 kg/a)的入河总通量较高.通过生物毒性模型预测发现,苯并三唑类潜在的生物毒性较高,需深化其环境行为、归趋机制以及生态效应方面的研究.本文旨在归纳分析随塑料入河的紫外吸收剂的全球通量,将为制定有效的塑料负载紫外吸收剂的污染防控策略、保护水生生态系统健康提供依据.Rivers serve as the primary corridors for transporting plastics to the sea.To understand the sources,pathways,and fate of plastic pollution,this paper provides an inductive analysis and computational optimization of plastic flux into rivers.Additionally,given the limited research on ultraviolet(UV)absorbers in plastics and the absence of quantitative data on UV absorbers leaching from plastics into rivers,this paper synthesizes and refines methods for calculating plastic riverine fluxes.It also proposes an equation for estimating the transport flux of UV absorbers through river systems.The results showed that the Rhine River in Europe has the highest mass flux of total plastics(including both microplastics and macroplastics),followed by the Ganges River in India.Among the five commonly studied types of UV absorbers,benzotriazole UV absorbers(213.40 kg/a)and benzophenone UV absorbers(192.95 kg/a)exhibited the highest riverine fluxes.Predictions based on a biotoxicity model indicated that benzotriazoles have significant potential biotoxicity,highlighting the need for further studies on their environmental behavior,fate,and ecological impacts.This paper aims to summarize and analyze global plastic associated UV absorbers fluxes into rivers,providing a foundation for developing effective prevention and control strategies to address UV absorber pollution and protect aquatic ecosystem health.

关 键 词：塑料入河通量 紫外吸收剂 生物毒性 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]