大连市采暖期PM_(2.5)中重金属污染特征研究及来源分析  

Pollution Characteristics and Sources of Heavy Metal Pollution in PM_(2.5)during Heating Period in Dalian City

作　　者：冯诗婧 阎守政 陈建宇 范慧君 张明明 FENG Shi-jing;YAN shou-zheng;CHEN Jian-yu;FAN Hui-jun;ZHANG Ming-ming(Dalian Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省大连生态环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《环境科学导刊》2024年第6期20-23,共4页Environmental Science Survey

摘　　要：为研究采暖期大连市大气PM_(2.5)中元素组成特征及其来源,使用XHAM-2000A大气重金属自动监测仪于2021年1—6月对PM_(2.5)中的重金属进行连续采样,利用富集因子及主成分分析法分析15种元素(Al、Ca、Fe、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Cd、Ba、Pb)的污染特征,并解析其来源。研究结果表明:PM_(2.5)中质量浓度较高的元素为Al、Fe、Ca等3种地壳元素,其余12种典型人为源标识性元素的浓度相对较低,其中Ba、Cu、Pb、Cr、As和Zn的采暖期浓度远高于非采暖期;Se、Cd和Pb的富集因子分别为694.08、541.91和109.70,均>100,为高度富集,受人为排放源影响严重;采暖期大连市PM_(2.5)中元素的主要来源有燃煤源、交通源、土壤扬尘源和燃油源,其方差贡献率分别为37.4%、19.2%、15.1%、9.2%,燃煤源和交通源对大连市PM_(2.5)贡献率较大。In order to study the characteristics and sources of the element composition in PM_(2.5)during the heating season in Dalian,the XHAM-2000A atmospheric heavy metal automatic monitoring instrument was used to continuously sample heavy metals in PM_(2.5)from January to June of 2021.The enrichment factor and principal component analysis were used to analyze the pollution characteristics of 15 elements(Al,Ca,Fe,V,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Cd,Ba,Pb)and analyze their sources.The results showed that the elements with higher mass concentration in PM_(2.5)were Al,Fe,and Ca,which are three crustal elements.The concentrations of the other 12 typical anthropogenic source indicative elements were relatively low,among which the concentrations of Ba,Cu,Pb,Cr,As,and Zn during the heating season were much higher than those during the non-heating season.The enrichment factors of Se,Cd,and Pb were 694.08,541.91,and 109.70,respectively,all greater than 100,indicating high enrichment and serious influence from anthropogenic emission sources.The main sources of the elements in PM_(2.5)during the heating season in Dalian were coal combustion,traffic emissions,soil dust,and fuel combustion,with variance contribution rates of 37.4%,19.2%,15.1%,and 9.2%,respectively.Coal combustion and traffic emissions made a significant contribution to PM_(2.5)in Dalian.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 重金属 富集因子 因子分析 大连市 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]