时空信息融合的堆芯自给能中子探测器故障检测与隔离方法  

Fault Detection and Isolation for In-core Self-powered Neutron Detectors Using Spatial-temporal Information Fusion

作　　者：林蔚青 缪希仁[1] 陈静[1] 卢燕臻 许勇 江灏[1] LIN Weiqing;MIAO Xiren;CHEN Jing;LU Yanzhen;XU Yong;JIANG Hao(Power Equipment System Industry Research Institution,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian Province,China;Fujian Fuqing Nuclear Power Co.,Ltd.,Fuqing 350300,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学电力系统与装置产业研究院,福建省福州市350108 [2]福建福清核电有限公司,福建省福清市350300

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第23期9310-9322,I0017,共14页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：中核集团科技项目(00102018);福建省高校产学合作项目(2022H6020)。

摘　　要：自给能中子探测器(self-powered neutron detector,SPND)作为新一代核电厂的重要核测设备,其健康状态关乎反应堆安全运行。鉴于现有故障检测方法侧重于时域分析以构建数据驱动模型,未充分考虑SPND在堆芯内的全局空间耦合关系,为此,该文提出一种时空信息融合的堆芯SPND故障检测与隔离方法。首先,结合SPND运行数据与堆内探测器组件布局,构建面向SPND故障检测的时空图数据;其次,结合图卷积网络-门控循环单元(graph convolution network-gate recurrent unit,GCN-GRU)与故障隔离(fault isolation,FI)策略,设计SPND实时故障检测模型;最后,利用某地区压水堆历史监测数据与模拟故障样本进行算例分析,表明该方法可有效融合整体SPND的时空联合信息以重构个体SPND的电流信号,进而准确检测与隔离故障SPND,且具有较好的精确性和普适性。As the essential nuclear measurement equipment in new generation nuclear power plants,the self-powered neutron detector(SPND)plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe operation of reactors.The existing fault detection methods focus on time-domain analysis to build data-driven models,without leveraging the spatial coupling relationship of neutron flux in the reactor core.Therefore,an in-core SPND fault detection and isolation method integrating spatial-temporal information is proposed.First,the spatial-temporal graph data for SPND fault detection are established by combining SPND data with the layout of detector components within the reactor.Then,a real-time SPND fault detection model is designed using the graph convolution network-gate recurrent unit(GCN-GRU)and fault isolation(FI)strategy.Finally,using historical data and simulated fault samples from a pressurized water reactor,case analysis demonstrates that the method effectively fuses the spatial-temporal joint information of the overall SPNDs to reconstruct the current signals of individual SPNDs.The method can accurately detect and isolate faulty SPNDs,which exhibits higher accuracy and universality.

关 键 词：核电厂 自给能中子探测器 故障检测 故障隔离 图卷积网络 门控循环单元 

分 类 号：TM623.7[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]